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Digital Ulcers and Acute Digital Ischemia
Digital ischemia is the reduction in digital perfusion with impaired tissue viability and can frequently result in digital ulcers (DU). DU are denuded areas with a defined border, loss of epithelialization, an...
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Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Rhinosinusitis
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a pervasive and challenging entity to treat in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). CF CRS develops as a direct consequence of mutations in the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Cond...
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Preventing Surgical Complications
Duodenal switches comprise about 0.9% of bariatric surgeries across the United States and are quickly gaining popularity. Performing these operations whether traditional duodenal switch or single anastomosis d...
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Female Neurogenic Incontinence
Women with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) commonly suffer from urinary incontinence, which negatively impacts the quality of life. Depending on the location of the neurologic lesion, the bl...
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Treatment of Cutaneous Lymphomas: Topical, Systemic, and Radiation Therapies
Cutaneous lymphomas are a highly heterogeneous group of B- or T-lymphocyte-derived malignancies; they are generally associated with a relatively indolent course and good prognosis. They tend to be highly radio...
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Occult Hepatitis B Infection
Occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of HBV replicative templates in the liver with/without circulating HBV DNA in patients with undetectable hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)....
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Duodenal Tumors
Duodenal polyps are found quite often in the routine upper endoscopies. Although inflammatory polyps are the most common entity, other lesions such as Brunner’s gland hyperplasia, gastrointestinal stromal tumo...
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GIST and Other Subepithelial Tumors
Most subepithelial tumors of the stomach are found incidentally at upper endoscopy and may arise from any of the layers of the stomach. Subepithelial tumors are evaluated for size, consistency, color, and shap...
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Other Diseases of the Duodenum
In this chapter, we are demonstrating representative endoscopic findings of miscellaneous duodenal diseases: duodenal diverticulum, angiodysplasia, and duodenal varix. Also, in Henoch-Schonlein purpura, the du...
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The Role of New Oral Anticoagulants (NOACs) in Cancer Patients
New oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are likely to have a major impact in the next few years, changing clinical practice of anticoagulation therapy. Evidence on its efficacy and superiority to vitamin K antagonists...
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Post Thrombotic Syndrome
Venous insufficiency following deep venous thrombosis is known as the post thrombotic syndrome. Whilst its presentation and symptoms can vary slightly between individuals, it can have a profound effect on qual...
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Introduction
Chinese medicine (CM) has been questioned for more than a century about its inadequate scientific evidence. While some past CM studies were not convincing from the views of modern sciences, especially under cr...
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Targeting Opioid Receptors for Innovative Antidepressant Therapies: Rediscovering the Opioid Cure
The roles of opioid receptors in pain and addiction have been extensively studied, but their function in mood disorders has received less attention. Accumulating evidence from animal research reveals that mu, ...
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Imaging Findings: CT and MRI with MRCP
Autoimmune pancreatitis has a wide range of possible imaging features, and there are overlaps in appearance with other pancreatic diseases. However, in the diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis, imaging finding...
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Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection for Gastric Neoplasia
The key advantage of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric neoplasia is an en bloc curative resection irrespective of tumor size, location, and shape.
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International Survey of Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Since the concept of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) was proposed by Yoshida et al. [1] in 1995, it has developed predominantly in Japan, with the diagnostic emphasis on the clinical phenotype. The characteristi...
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Steroid Therapy for Autoimmune Pancreatitis
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a type of chronic pancreatitis featured by swelling of pancreas, narrowing of pancreatic duct, elevation of serum IgG4, and/or presence of several autoantibodies [1–3].
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Endoscopic Treatment for Gastrointestinal Perforation and Leakage
Endoscopists should pay particular attention to early indicators suggesting endoscopic perforation during therapeutic endoscopy as well as diagnostic endoscopy.
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Malignant Diseases of the Mesentery and Omentum
The most common malignant disease of the peritoneum is peritoneal carcinomatosis, a condition that can originate from carcinoma anywhere on the body. It manifests as diffuse linear or nodular peritoneal thicke...
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Endoscopic Treatment of Gastric Variceal Bleeding
Bleeding from gastric varices is the most life-threatening complication of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.