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Gadolinium triggers unfolded protein responses (UPRs) in primary cultured rat cortical astrocytes via promotion of an influx of extracellular Ca2+
Gadolinium (Gd) and its complexes are utilized widely in industrial and clinical diagnoses. As a rare earth metal ion, free gadolinium (Gd3+) in the human body poses neurotoxic risks during its in vivo release an...