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Modern Epidemiological Study Designs
Although the prototypical non-experimental study designs to measure relative incidence conditional on putative risk factors (cohort, case-control)...
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Introduction: Research Ethics and Health Policy in Epidemics and Pandemics
Global health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic are contexts in which it is critical to draw upon learning from prior research and to conduct...
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Ethics Review Challenges
In the context of a public health emergency it is imperative to conduct research studies that will produce evidence rapidly while upholding ethical...
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Afterword
This casebook offers a window into important aspects of the ethical landscapes that researchers, communities, health professionals, policy makers –...
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Ethical Issues Associated with Managing and Sharing Individual-Level Health Data
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in the generation of an unprecedented and exponentially mounting volume of data, including individual-level health...
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Boundaries Between Research, Surveillance and Monitored Emergency Use
Responses to outbreaks, epidemics and pandemics involves a heterogeneous set of activities that aim to address threats to public health. In addition...
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Dimensions of Vulnerability
The COVID-19 pandemic has been a public health emergency on a global scale, impacting all nations and peoples. As previous health emergencies...
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Descriptive and Analytical Epidemiology
Both descriptive and analytical epidemiology are important for advancing clinical medicine and public health. Descriptive epidemiology assesses the...
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Epidemiology of the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Update
Due to the emergence of a large, deadly pandemic of COVID-19, it is important to document the worldwide impact of the pandemic in terms of morbidity...
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Data Analysis Using SPSS: Jackson Heart Study
The primary objective of this chapter is to illustrate data analysis using a nationally available prospective dataset from the Jackson Heart Study in...
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Clinical Trials
Clinical trials prospectively compare different interventions in two or more groups. Such trials objectively measure health interventions’ safety,...
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Multiple Linear Regression and Logistic Regression Analysis Using SAS
This chapter aims to provide readers with the basic concepts and data analysis of multiple regression analysis using SAS. For illustrations of data...
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Geospatial Applications in Epidemiology: Location, Location, Location
Since the conception of epidemiology, geographic location has played a fundamental role. The distribution of health outcomes varies by location and...
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Cross-Sectional Study: The Role of Observation in Epidemiological Studies
Commonly arising from empirical observations or from opportunistic case reports/case series, a cross-sectional study is often the first step in a...
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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis: Evidence-Based Decision-Making in Public Health
The public health world is increasingly becoming an analytical place, and with increases in the availability of existing literature, drawing...
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Case–Control Study
A case–control study is an observational study designed to determine if a risk factor is associated with an outcome of interest (disease or...
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Survival Analysis and Applications Using SAS and SPSS
Survival analysis is used to analyze data in which the time until the event is of interest. The event is sometimes, but not always, death. Typically,...
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Surveillance: The Role of Observation in Epidemiological Studies
Public health surveillance is the corner stone of public health practice and is critical for improving population health. Public health surveillance...
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Cohort Studies
This chapter provides readers with the critical concepts to consider in designing and analyzing cohort studies. A cohort study is a powerful tool and...
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Sample Size Estimation
Sample size estimation is a critical statistical analytic tool that is necessary for conducting research. The formula for sample size depends on the...