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Chapter
Neonicotinoids and Nitrogenous Insecticides
Nicotine has never achieved the prominence that the synthetic insecticides have attained due to its expensiveness, lack of commercially applicable synthesis, extreme toxicity to mammals, and limited insecticid...
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Chapter
Insect Growth Regulators (IGRs)
In recent years many of the conventional methods of insect control by broadspectrum synthetic chemicals have come under assault and scrutiny because of their undesirable effects on human health and the environ...
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Chapter
Miticides
Phytophagous mites are different from insects, closer to spiders. There is no distinction between head, thorax, and abdomen, constituting a bag style. Mites develop to adults from eggs through larvae, the firs...
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Chapter
Attractants, Repellents, and Antifeedants
The earliest record of an attractant used for economic purposes was an attempt in 1885 to control grasshoppers in California by means of attractive poisoned baits. Later, wine growers in Europe used traps bait...
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Chapter
Miscellaneous Compounds
Arsenic occurs in two valence forms: trivalent (As2O3) reacting with water to give arsenious acid and forming arsenite salts, and pentavalent arsenic (As2O5) yielding arsenic acid and the corresponding arsenate s...
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Chapter
The Nervous System as Insecticide Target
Most insecticides exert their lethal action by virtue of their effects on the nervous system. The reason for this lies in the special sensitivity of the nervous system, which shows irreversible damage, more so...
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Chapter
Avicides
The vast majority of the more than 8000 species of birds are very beneficial and a great pleasure to observe. Some species, however, can seriously compete with human interests. The areas of conflict include:
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Chapter
The Organochlorine Insecticides
DDT is the common name given to the technical mixture of compounds in which the major component is p, p′-DDT [dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethane; 2, 2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)- 1, 1, 1 -trichloroethane). Pure p, p′-DDT...
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Chapter
Insect Resistance
Resistance, as defined by the World Health Organization, is the development of an ability in a given strain of insects to tolerate doses of an insecticide which would prove lethal to the majority of individual...
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Chapter
Hazards Associated with Pesticide Use
There are several types of potential hazards associated with the use of pesticides. People exposed to some highly toxic compounds may suffer short-term or long-term health problems. Excessive residues in the e...
