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Article
Open AccessWhy do many pheasants released in the UK die, and how can we best reduce their natural mortality?
Around 60% of pheasants released for shooting in the UK, an estimated 21 million birds, do not end up at their intended fate: being shot. This constitutes wastage, raising economic, environmental and ethical q...
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Article
Open AccessRapid production of human liver scaffolds for functional tissue engineering by high shear stress oscillation-decellularization
The development of human liver scaffolds retaining their 3-dimensional structure and extra-cellular matrix (ECM) composition is essential for the advancement of liver tissue engineering. We report the design a...
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Article
Open AccessCost of the Diet: a method and software to calculate the lowest cost of meeting recommended intakes of energy and nutrients from local foods
When food is available, the main obstacle to access is usually economic: people may not be able to afford a nutritious diet, even if they know what foods to eat. The Cost of the Diet method and software was de...
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Article
Open AccessTransaminase abnormalities and adaptations of the liver lobule manifest at specific cut-offs of steatosis
There is little documented evidence suggesting that liver fat is responsible for liver injury in the absence of other disease processes. We investigated the relationships between liver fat, aminotransferases a...
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Article
Female-biased dispersal in a spatially restricted endemic island bird
Dispersal of individuals before their first breeding attempt or between subsequent attempts facilitates spatial and temporal gene flow within and among populations. However, in species on oceanic islands, disp...
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Article
Potential effect of atmospheric warming on grapevine phenology and post-harvest heat accumulation across a range of climates
Carbohydrates are accumulated within the perennial structure of grapevines when their production exceeds the requirements of reproduction and growth. The period between harvest and leaf-fall (the post-harvest ...
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Article
Open AccessResearch priorities for improving infant and young child feeding in humanitarian emergencies
There are many challenges during emergencies to ensure that optimal infant and young child feeding is protected, promoted and supported, but there is a dearth of evidence on strategies and programmes to improv...
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Article
Local-scale spatial modelling for interpolating climatic temperature variables to predict agricultural plant suitability
Assessment of local spatial climatic variability is important in the planning of planting locations for horticultural crops. This study investigated three regression-based calibration methods (i.e. traditional...
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Article
Open AccessMethods of nutrition surveillance in low-income countries
In 1974 a joint FAO/UNICEF/WHO Expert Committee met to develop methods for nutrition surveillance. There has been much interest and activity in this topic since then, however there is a lack of guidance for pr...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Epidemiological Investigations
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Article
Carbon dioxide, water and energy fluxes of irrigated broad-acre crops in an Australian semi-arid climate zone
The response of the carbon and hydrological cycles of irrigated agro-ecosystems in semi-arid regions to changes in temperature and increasing levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations is unclear. Fur...
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Article
Open AccessThe role of nutrition in integrated programs to control neglected tropical diseases
There are strong and direct relationships between undernutrition and the disease caused by infectious organisms, including the diverse pathogens labeled as neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Undernutrition in...
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Article
Within-season temporal variation in correlations between vineyard canopy and winegrape composition and yield
Remote optical imaging can rapidly acquire information describing spatial variability in vineyard block performance. Canopy characteristics were derived from very high spatial resolution (0.25 m) optical image...
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Article
Open AccessSeroprevalence of hepatitis B and C virus in HIV-1 and HIV-2 infected Gambians
The prevalence of HIV/hepatitis co-infection in sub-Saharan Africa is not well documented, while both HIV and HBV are endemic in this area.
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Article
Open AccessDensity-dependent effects on the weight of female Ascaris lumbricoides infections of humans and its impact on patterns of egg production
Ascaris lumbricoides exhibits density-dependent egg production, a process which has a marked impact on both the transmission dynamics and the stability of the parasite population. Evidence suggests that the egg p...
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Reference Work Entry In depth
Epidemiological Investigations
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Protocol
Detecting Mismatch Repair Defects in Myeloma
Defects in the mismatch repair system are associated with a microsatellite unstable phenotype. In this chapter, we describe the preparation of purified plasma cells using CD138 magnetic microbeads as a source ...
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Article
New agendas for agricultural research in develo** countries: Policy analysis and institutional implications
This article argues that the goals of agricultural research in poor countries have changed substantially over the last four decades. In particular they have broadened from the early (and narrow) emphasis on fo...
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Article
Benefits of primary care
