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Erworbene Erkrankungen der Aortenklappe

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Klinische Kardiologie

Part of the book series: Springer Reference Medizin ((SRM))

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Zusammenfassung

Die Aortenklappenstenose und die Aortenklappeninsuffizienz zählen zu den häufigsten Vitien im klinischen Alltag.

Die Aortenklappenstenose kann durch degenerative Veränderungen, eine bikuspid fehlangelegte Klappe oder durch rheumatische Veränderungen bedingt sein. Klinische Leitsymptome sind Dyspnoe, Synkopen und Angina pectoris. Diagnostisch wegweisend ist die transthorakale Echokardiografie. Die Mortalität ist bei symptomatischen Patienten mit hochgradiger Stenose deutlich erhöht, weshalb ein Klappenersatz durchgeführt werden sollte. Neben einem chirurgischen Klappenersatz kann ein großer Teil der Patienten inzwischen durch einen Transkatheter-Aortenklappenersatz behandelt werden.

Die chronische Aortenklappeninsuffizienz kann durch eine bikuspid angelegte Klappe, degenerative Veränderungen oder Bindegewebserkrankungen bedingt sein. Diagnostisch wegweisend ist die transthorakale Echokardiografie. Der klinische Verlauf ist meist über Jahre inapparent, kann aber im Endstadium zu einer Herzinsuffizienz führen, weshalb insbesondere diese Patienten einen Klappenersatz erhalten sollten.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, München, Deutschland

    Daniel Braun & Steffen Massberg

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  1. Daniel Braun
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  2. Steffen Massberg
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Correspondence to Daniel Braun .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Uniklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland

    Nikolaus Marx

  2. Universitätsklinikum Köln, Köln, Deutschland

    Erland Erdmann

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Braun, D., Massberg, S. (2022). Erworbene Erkrankungen der Aortenklappe. In: Marx, N., Erdmann, E. (eds) Klinische Kardiologie. Springer Reference Medizin. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62939-0_16-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62939-0_16-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-62939-0

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