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Microbial Exopolysaccharides

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The Prokaryotes

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Abstract

Microbial polysaccharides are produced in two forms, capsular polysaccharide (CPS) and exopolysaccharide (EPS). EPSs of microbial origin are ubiquitous in nature, have unique properties, and can be isolated from the bacteria in fresh water, marine environment, extreme conditions, and soil ecosystem. Exopolysaccharides are comprised of repeated units of sugar moieties, attached to a carrier lipid, and can be associated with proteins, lipids, organic and inorganic compounds, metal ions, and DNA. Specific functions and precise role of EPSs depend on structural units and ecological niches of the host microorganisms. EPSs produced by bacteria have great potential, and physicochemical characteristics of EPS decide its possible commercial application ranging from pharmaceutical to food-processing, extended to detoxification, bioremediation, paints, biotechnology, and petrochemicals. Exploitation of microbial exopolysaccharides is relatively unexplored and research interest is constantly increasing toward isolation, characterization, and applications of novel exopolysaccharides as renewable resources. Downstream processing and genetic engineering for enhanced biosynthesis of EPS require further emphasis.

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Acknowledgment

CSIR Network Project (NWP-0018) is thankfully acknowledged for research work conducted in the authors’ laboratory. Authors are also thankful to Prof. Eugene Rosenberg for critically editing the manuscript.

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  1. Discipline of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute (CSIR-CSMCRI), G. B. Marg, 364002, Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India

    Avinash Mishra & Dr. Bhavanath Jha

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  1. Avinash Mishra
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  2. Dr. Bhavanath Jha
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Correspondence to Bhavanath Jha .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Edward F. DeLong

  3. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Stephen Lory

  4. Leibniz Institute DSMZ-German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Braunschweig, Germany

    Erko Stackebrandt

  5. Laboratory of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Center for Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Fabiano Thompson

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Mishra, A., Jha, B. (2013). Microbial Exopolysaccharides. In: Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E.F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E., Thompson, F. (eds) The Prokaryotes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-31331-8_25

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