Definition
Ecosystem-based management (EBM) is a transdisciplinary approach that balances ecological and social dimensions across multiple scales of a distinct geographic area for sustainable development. Scientific knowledge and adequate monitoring serve to recognize the features, connections, processes, and integrity within an ecosystem and its surroundings, together with its dynamic nature and associated uncertainties (Long et al. 2015; Arkema et al. 2006). Governance is a public and private process that includes rules, norms, and principles to address specific social challenges and interactions (Armitage et al. 2009). A governance system comprises formal and informal institutions and actors in a multilevel network. The EBM for coastal and ocean governance ensures that the interdependence among the natural and social world, as well as the intrinsic and multidimensional characteristics of the ocean, marine, and coastal zone, are taken into account in guiding our relation to marine...
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Acknowledgments
We would like to thank the editors of the book and acknowledge the support of the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) (LYX: 2017/21797-5, LRG: 2018/00462-8). The work is part of the activities of the thematic project, “Environmental Governance in the São Paulo Macrometropolis, due to climate variability” (FAPESP 2015/03804-9).
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Gonçalves, L.R., Xavier, L.Y. (2021). Promoting Coastal and Ocean Governance Through Ecosystem-Based Management. In: Leal Filho, W., Azul, A.M., Brandli, L., Lange Salvia, A., Wall, T. (eds) Life Below Water. Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71064-8_148-1
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