Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of the main components that compose the electrical grid, from generation to transmission and distribution, concluding with demand (i.e., loads). An introduction to power electronics, smart grids, and microgrids is also included. Throughout the chapter, the main differences between conventional and latest power technologies are outlined, with the aim of exemplifying some of the changes required in power system operation and management to allow for the integration of new devices, while guaranteeing system reliability and stability. At the same time, the adoption of advanced controls and monitoring system allows the provision of ancillary services, such as demand flexibility and voltage regulation, that can be exploited to optimize the use of existing assets. Ancillary services will therefore contribute to reducing the need of grid reinforcement, but they will not completely eliminate it. As a conclusion, the unique characteristics of low-carbon technologies, including but not limited to renewable energy sources, combined with the large number of devices that will be connected in the near future, are revolutionizing the way electrical grids worldwide are operating, and, together with some challenges, they bring opportunities in terms of grid modernization.
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Todeschini, G. (2023). Low-Carbon Technology and the Energy Grid. In: Brinkmann, R. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Global Sustainability. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01949-4_24
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-01949-4_24
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