Abstract
Accurate isolation of functional and intact lysosomes enables the quantification and analyses of abundances, dynamic changes and enrichment levels of lysosomal content, allowing specific lysosomal investigations induced by autophagy. In this protocol chapter, we describe detailed practical instructions and advices for an efficacious lysosomal enrichment and isolation procedure by differential multilayered density gradient centrifugations using human cancer cell lines. By this method, intact and autophagy competent lysosomes can be isolated from cancer cells based on their distinct density and obtained fractions can further be analyzed for functional lysosomal assays, as well as for protein or metabolic loads to identify select spatiotemporal changes by comparative quantitative measurement. This method has been used to enrich lysosomes from a variety of cancer cells with activated chaperone-mediated autophagy, but can be optimized for other cell lines and tissues for multiple autophagy-induced conditions.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by grants from Karolinska Institutet, the Swedish Research Council (VR), Ragnar Söderberg Foundation and Swedish Cancer Society (Cancerfonden). We thank Dr. Yuqing Hao for technical and practical details for optimizing the procedure.
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Kacal, M., Vakifahmetoglu-Norberg, H. (2022). Isolation of Autophagy Competent Lysosomes from Cancer Cells by Differential Large-Scale Multilayered Density Gradient Centrifugations. In: Norberg, H., Norberg, E. (eds) Autophagy and Cancer. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2445. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2071-7_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2071-7_2
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