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Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Repeated Sprint Ability in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Abstract

Background

There is a growing body of research examining the effects of plyometric jump training (PJT) on repeated sprint ability (RSA) in athletes. However, available studies produced conflicting findings and the literature has not yet been systematically reviewed. Therefore, the effects of PJT on RSA indices remain unclear.

Objective

To explore the effects of PJT on RSA in athletes.

Methods

Searches for this review were conducted in four databases. We included studies that satisfied the following criteria: (1) examined the effects of a PJT exercise intervention on measures of RSA; (2) included athletes as study participants, with no restriction for sport practiced, age or sex; and (3) included a control group. The random-effects model was used for the meta-analyses. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the PEDro checklist.

Results

From 6367 search records initially identified, 13 studies with a total of 16 training groups (n = 198) and 13 control groups (n = 158) were eligible for meta-analysis. There was a significant effect of PJT on RSA best sprint (ES = 0.75; p = 0.002) and RSA mean sprint (ES = 0.36; p = 0.045) performance. We did not find a significant difference between control and PJT for RSA fatigue resistance (ES = 0.16; p = 0.401). The included studies were classified as being of “moderate” or “high” methodological quality. Among the 13 included studies, none reported injury or any other adverse events.

Conclusion

PJT improves RSA best and mean performance in athletes, while there were no significant differences between control and PJT for RSA fatigue resistance. Improvements in RSA in response to PJT are likely due to neuro-mechanical factors (e.g., strength, muscle activation and coordination) that affect actual sprint performance rather than the ability to recover between sprinting efforts.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Physical Activity Sciences, Universidad de Los Lagos, Osorno, Chile

    Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo

  2. College of Physical Education and Dance, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

    Paulo Gentil

  3. Research Unit (UR17JS01), Sport Performance, Health and Society, Higher Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Ksar Saîd, University of “La Manouba”, Manouba, Tunisia

    Yassine Negra

  4. Institute for Health and Sport (IHES), Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia

    Jozo Grgic

  5. School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia

    Olivier Girard

Authors
  1. Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
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  2. Paulo Gentil
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  3. Yassine Negra
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  4. Jozo Grgic
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  5. Olivier Girard
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo.

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Funding

No financial support was received for the conduct of this study, or for the preparation or publication of this manuscript.

Conflict of interest

Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Paulo Gentil, Yassine Negra, Jozo Grgic and Oliver Girard declare that they have no conflicts of interest relevant to the content of this review.

Author contributions

The idea for the article was conceived by RR and PG. The literature search and data analysis were performed by RR, PG and YN. RR, PG, YN, JG, and OG drafted and/or critically revised the work. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Availability of data and material

All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (Tables 1, 2, 3).

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Ramirez-Campillo, R., Gentil, P., Negra, Y. et al. Effects of Plyometric Jump Training on Repeated Sprint Ability in Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 51, 2165–2179 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01479-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-021-01479-w

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