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Modified coagulation processes using polyferric chloride and polytitanium tetrachloride for the removal of anionic dye from aqueous solution

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Abstract

Synthetic dyes are one of the most important contaminants in textile wastewater, which are often toxic and carcinogenic. This study aimed to determine the efficiency of coagulation and flocculation process using polyferric chloride (PFC) and polytitanium tetrachloride (PTC) in removing Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) anionic dye from aqueous solution. This laboratory-scale study examined coagulant preparation, the effect of pH (3–11), concentration of PFC and PTC coagulants (100–500 mg/L), and initial dye concentration (70–250 mg/L). The results showed that the dye removal efficiency of PFC was 92.37% at an optimum pH of 9, an optimal dose of 350 mg/L, and dye concentration of 150 mg/L. The dye removal efficiency of PTC was 99.83% at an optimum pH of 7, optimal dose of 350 mg/L, and dye concentration of 200 mg/L. The correlation coefficient between coagulant dose (r = 0.91, p = 0.001) and initial dye concentration (r = 0.83, p = 0.01) was significant with dye removal efficiency for PTC. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the PTC with higher removal efficiency, lower coagulant dose, lower effects on solution pH, and higher density of settled sludge has better efficiency to remove RR19 dye from colored wastewater compared to PFC.

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Acknowledgements

This study was the result of a research project (99075) approved by the Student Research Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences with the ethics code of IR.RUMS.REC.1399.056 approved. Thanks are owed to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences for their support.

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Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Health, Occupational Environment Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran

    H. Eslami

  2. Environmental Science and Technology Research Center, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

    T. Zarei Mahmoudabadi

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  1. H. Eslami
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  2. T. Zarei Mahmoudabadi
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Contributions

HE contributed to conceptualization, methodology, formal analysis, and investigation, writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing, supervision. TZM contributed to conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft preparation, writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to H. Eslami.

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The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Ethics approval

This study was the result of a research project (99075) approved by the Student Research Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences with the ethics code of IR.RUMS.REC.1399.056 approved.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Hari Pant.

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Eslami, H., Zarei Mahmoudabadi, T. Modified coagulation processes using polyferric chloride and polytitanium tetrachloride for the removal of anionic dye from aqueous solution. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. 19, 1811–1818 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03293-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-021-03293-3

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