Abstract
This paper reports the optimum conditions for the extraction of picrosides from Picrorhiza kurroa using response surface methodology (RSM). A central composite design (CCD) was used to investigate the effects of four independent variables, namely methanol concentration (%), solid-to-liquid ratio (g/mL), incubation time (min) and temperature (°C) on the extraction yield of picroside I (P-I) and picroside II (P-II) quantified by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV). The cumulative effects of independent variables were studied and the optimal extraction conditions were obtained as methanol concentration (0 %), solid-to-liquid ratio (1:120 g/mL), incubation time (30 min) and temperature (30 °C). The picrosides were extracted under optimum conditions to check the validity of the model. The experimental values agreed with the predicted ones, indicating suitability of the model employed and the success of RSM in optimizing the extraction conditions. The significant achievement of the present work lies in the fact that distilled water rather than methanol, a hazardous and expensive solvent, is an effective and highly selective solvent for the extraction of picrosides from P. kurroa which makes this process economical and environment friendly.
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Abbreviations
- HPLC-UV:
-
High Performance Liquid Chromatography with Ultraviolet Detection
- RSM:
-
Response Surface Methodology
- CCD:
-
Central Composite Design
- P-I:
-
Picroside-I
- P-II:
-
Picroside-II
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Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science and Technology, Govt. of India for providing financial support in the form of a programme support on high value medicinal plants under Centre of Excellence.
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Supplementary figure 1 (DOCX 1483 kb)
Effect of (a) methanol concentration, (b) solid–liquid ratio, (c) incubation time and (d) temperature on the yield of Picroside I
Supplementary figure 2 (DOCX 1521 kb)
Effect of (a) methanol concentration, (b) solid–liquid ratio, (c) incubation time and (d) temperature on the yield of Picroside II
Supplementary figure 3 (DOCX 439 kb)
Response surface (3D) showing the effect of different extraction parameters (methanol concentration; solid–liquid ratio; incubation time; temperature) added on the response Picroside I
Supplementary figure 4 (DOCX 445 kb)
Response surface (3D) showing the effect of different extraction parameters (methanol concentration; solid–liquid ratio; incubation time; temperature) added on the response Picroside II
Supplementary figure 5 (DOCX 716 kb)
(A). Contour plot showing the effect of methanol concentration and incubation time on the yield of Picroside I. (B). Contour plot showing the effect of methanol concentration and incubation time on the yield of Picroside II
Supplementary figure 6 (DOCX 684 kb)
(A). Contour plot showing the effect of methanol concentration and temperature on the yield of Picroside I. (B). Contour plot showing the effect of methanol concentration and temperature on the yield of Picroside II
Supplementary figure 7 (DOCX 726 kb)
(A). Contour plot showing the effect of incubation time and temperature on the yield of Picroside I. (B). Contour plot showing the effect of incubation time and temperature on the yield of Picroside II
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Kumar, V., Kumar, V., Chauhan, R.S. et al. Cost effective quantification of picrosides in Picrorhiza kurroa by employing response surface methodology using HPLC-UV. J. Plant Biochem. Biotechnol. 24, 376–384 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-014-0285-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13562-014-0285-3