SpringerLink
Log in

Synthesis, characterization, and application of microporous biochar prepared from Pterospermum acerifolium plant fruit shell waste for methylene blue dye adsorption: the role of surface modification by SDS surfactant

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract 

In the present study, microporous biochar was prepared from the waste plant fruit shell of Pterospermum acerifolium. To improve porosity and nitrogen content in biochar, the powder form of the fruit shell was pre-treated by HNO3 before the biochar synthesis. Furthermore, to enhance the adsorption capacity of biochar for cationic methylene blue (MB) dye, the surface of biochar was modified by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant to increase the negative charge density on the biochar surface. Before the performance of the adsorption experiments, the nitric acid-treated Pterospermum acerifolium fruit waste biochar (NAT-PABC) and SDS-modified nitric acid-treated Pterospermum acerifolium fruit waste biochar (SDS-NAT-PABC) were characterized by various sophisticated instruments such as FTIR, XRD, FE-SEM, EDX, elemental map**, BET, XPS, and point of zero charge. An in-depth study of the functional groups and their interactions in NAT-PABC and SDS-NAT-PABC were examined with the help of the XPS technique and identified the functional groups responsible for the adsorption of MB dye. Batch adsorption experiments were carried out to determine the optimal adsorption conditions. The maximum removal percentage of MB dye was achieved at pH 10 and 9 for NAT-PABC and SDS-NAT-PABC, respectively, within 240 min. The isotherm, kinetic, and mass transfer modeling were also examined and fitted with the experimental data. According to correlation coefficient (R2), nonlinear forms of the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models were best suited for both NAT-PABC and SDS-NAT-PABC. The present work also reported a possible reaction mechanism that describes the adsorption phenomenon. The Gibbs energy and enthalpy for the MB adsorption process by NAT-PABC and SDS-NAT-PABC was found to be negative and positive, respectively, suggesting that the process was spontaneous and endothermic nature; therefore, the reaction was highly attainable at higher temperatures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (United Kingdom)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Iwuozor KO, Ighalo JO, Ogunfowora LA, Adeniyi AG, Igwegbe CA (2021) An empirical literature analysis of adsorbent performance for methylene blue uptake from aqueous media. J Environ Chem Eng 9:105658

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Prajapati AK, Mondal MK (2019) Hazardous As (III) removal using nanoporous activated carbon of waste garlic stem as adsorbent: kinetic and mass transfer mechanisms. Korean J Chem Eng 36(11):1900–1914

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Kumar V, Sharma A, Kumar R, Bhardwaj R, Kumar Thukral A, Rodrigo-Comino J (2020) Assessment of heavy-metal pollution in three different Indian water bodies by combination of multivariate analysis and water pollution indices. Hum Ecol Risk Assess: An Int J 26(1):1–16

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Prajapati AK, Mondal MK (2020) Comprehensive kinetic and mass transfer modeling for methylene blue dye adsorption onto CuO nanoparticles loaded on nanoporous activated carbon prepared from waste coconut shell. J Mol Liquids 307:112949

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Prajapati AK, Mondal MK (2021) Development of CTAB modified ternary phase α-Fe2O3-Mn2O3-Mn3O4 nanocomposite as innovative super-adsorbent for Congo red dye adsorption. J Environ Chem Eng 9(1):104827

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Padhi B (2012) Pollution due to synthetic dyes toxicity & carcinogenicity studies and remediation. Int J Environ Sci 3(3):940–955

    Google Scholar 

  7. Ighalo JO, Iwuozor KO, Igwegbe CA, Adeniyi AG (2021) Verification of pore size effect on aqueous-phase adsorption kinetics: a case study of methylene blue. Colloids Surf A: Physicochem Eng Aspects 626:127119

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Goluboff N, Wheaton R (1961) Methylene blue induced cyanosis and acutehemolytic anemia complicating the treatment of methemoglobinemia. J Pediatr 58(1):86–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Jawad AH, Abdulhameed AS, Mastuli MS (2020) Acid-factionalized biomass material for methylene blue dye removal: a comprehensive adsorption and mechanism study. J Taibah Univ Sci 14(1):305–313

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Shah NS, Khan JA, Sayed M, Khan ZU, Iqbal J, Arshad S, Junaid M, Khan HM (2020) Synergistic effects of H2O2 and S2O82− in the gamma radiation induced degradation of congo-red dye: Kinetics and toxicities evaluation. Sep Purif Technol 233:115966

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Sharma G, Kumar A, Sharma S, Naushad M, Dhiman P, Vo DV, Stadler FJ (2020) Fe3O4/ZnO/Si3N4 nanocomposite based photocatalyst for the degradation of dyes from aqueous solution. Mater Lett 278:128359

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Hachemaoui M, Boukoussa B, Mokhtar A, Mekki A, Beldjilali M, Benaissa M, Zaoui F, Hakiki A, Chaibi W, Sassi M (2020) Dyes adsorption, antifungal and antibacterial properties of metal loaded mesoporous silica: effect of metal and calcination treatment. Mater Chem Phys 256:123704

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Prajapati AK, Mondal MK (2021) Novel green strategy for CuO–ZnO–C nanocomposites fabrication using marigold (Tagetes spp.) flower petals extract with and without CTAB treatment for adsorption of Cr (VI) and Congo red dye. J Environ Manag 290:112615

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ibrahim WMHW, Amini MHM, Sulaiman NS, Kadir WRWA (2021) Evaluation of alkaline-based activated carbon from Leucaena Leucocephala produced at different activation temperatures for cadmium adsorption. Appl Water Sci 11(1):1–13

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Panahi HKS, Dehhaghi M, Ok YS, Nizami A-S, Khoshnevisan B, Mussatto SI, Aghbashlo M, Tabatabaei M, Lam SS (2020) A comprehensive review of engineered biochar: production, characteristics, and environmental applications. J Clean Prod 270:122462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Pathania D, Srivastava A (2021) Advances in nanoparticles tailored lignocellulosic biochars for removal of heavy metals with special reference to cadmium (II) and chromium (VI). Environ Sustain 4(2):201–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Wan X, Li C, Parikh SJ (2020) Simultaneous removal of arsenic, cadmium, and lead from soil by iron-modified magnetic biochar. Environ Pollut 261:114157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Amin MT, Alazba AA, Shafiq M (2021) Successful application of Eucalyptus camdulensis biochar in the batch adsorption of crystal violet and methylene blue dyes from aqueous solution. Sustainability 13(7):3600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Sun Y, Iris K, Tsang DC, Fan J, Clark JH, Luo G, Zhang S, Khan E, Graham NJ (2020) Tailored design of graphitic biochar for high-efficiency and chemical-free microwave-assisted removal of refractory organic contaminants. Chem Eng J 398:125505

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Wang Z, Ren D, Zhao Y, Huang C, Zhang S, Zhang X, Kang C, Deng Z, Guo H (2021) Remediation and improvement of 2, 4-dichlorophenol contaminated soil by biochar-immobilized laccase. Environ Technol 42(11):1679–1692

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Panwar, N. Pawar, A. Influence of activation conditions on the physicochemical properties of activated biochar: a review, Biomass Convers Biorefin (2020) 1–23.

  22. Tran HN, Tomul F, Ha NTH, Nguyen DT, Lima EC, Le GT, Chang C-T, Masindi V, Woo SH (2020) Innovative spherical biochar for pharmaceutical removal from water: Insight into adsorption mechanism. J Hazard Mater 394:122255

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Shirani Z, Song H, Bhatnagar A (2020) Efficient removal of diclofenac and cephalexin from aqueous solution using Anthriscus sylvestris-derived activated biochar. Sci Total Environ 745:140789

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Mansouri F, Chouchene K, Roche N, Ksibi M (2021) Removal of pharmaceuticals from water by adsorption and advanced oxidation processes: state of the art and trends. Appl Sci 11(14):6659

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Park J-H, Wang JJ, Meng Y, Wei Z, DeLaune RD, Seo D-C (2019) Adsorption/desorption behavior of cationic and anionic dyes by biochars prepared at normal and high pyrolysis temperatures. Colloids Surf, A 572:274–282

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Li G, Zhu W, Zhang C, Zhang S, Liu L, Zhu L, Zhao W (2016) Effect of a magnetic field on the adsorptive removal of methylene blue onto wheat straw biochar. Biores Technol 206:16–22

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Sun L, Chen D, Wan S, Yu Z (2015) Performance, kinetics, and equilibrium of methylene blue adsorption on biochar derived from eucalyptus saw dust modified with citric, tartaric, and acetic acids. Biores Technol 198:300–308

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Singh, S. Prajapati, A.K. Chakraborty, J.P. Mondal, M.K. Adsorption potential of biochar obtained from pyrolysis of raw and torrefied Acacia nilotica towards removal of methylene blue dye from synthetic wastewater, Biomass Convers Biorefin (2021) 1–22.

  29. Nanda S, Mohanty P, Pant KK, Naik S, Kozinski JA, Dalai AK (2013) Characterization of North American lignocellulosic biomass and biochars in terms of their candidacy for alternate renewable fuels. Bioenergy Res 6(2):663–677

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Usman AR, Abduljabbar A, Vithanage M, Ok YS, Ahmad M, Ahmad M, Elfaki J, Abdulazeem SS, Al-Wabel MI (2015) Biochar production from date palm waste: charring temperature induced changes in composition and surface chemistry. J Anal Appl Pyrol 115:392–400

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Kumar P, Prajapati AK, Dixit S, Yadav VL (2020) Adsorption of fluoride from aqueous solution using biochar prepared from waste peanut hull. Mater Res Express 6(12):125553

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Prajapati AK, Das S, Mondal MK (2020) Exhaustive studies on toxic Cr (VI) removal mechanism from aqueous solution using activated carbon of Aloe vera waste leaves. J Mol Liquids 307:112956

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Marrakchi F, Auta M, Khanday W, Hameed B (2017) High-surface-area and nitrogen-rich mesoporous carbon material from fishery waste for effective adsorption of methylene blue. Powder Technol 321:428–434

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Güzel F, Sayğılı H, Sayğılı GA, Koyuncu F, Yılmaz C (2017) Optimal oxidation with nitric acid of biochar derived from pyrolysis of weeds and its application in removal of hazardous dye methylene blue from aqueous solution. J Clean Prod 144:260–265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Que W, Jiang L, Wang C, Liu Y, Zeng Z, Wang X, Ning Q, Liu S, Zhang P, Liu S (2018) Influence of sodium dodecyl sulfate coating on adsorption of methylene blue by biochar from aqueous solution. J Environ Sci 70:166–174

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Fernando JC, Peiris C, Navarathna CM, Gunatilake SR, Welikala U, Wanasinghe ST, Madduri SB, Jayasinghe S, Mlsna TE, Ferez F (2021) Nitric acid surface pre-modification of novel Lasia spinosa biochar for enhanced methylene blue remediation. Groundw Sustain Dev 14:100603

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Sahu S, Pahi S, Tripathy S, Singh SK, Behera A, Sahu UK, Patel RK (2020) Adsorption of methylene blue on chemically modified lychee seed biochar: dynamic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic study. J Mol Liquids 315:113743

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Dos Santos KJL, Dos Santos GEdS, de Sá ÍMGL, Ide AH, da Silva Duarte JL, de Carvalho SHV, Soletti JI, Meili L (2019) Wodyetia bifurcata biochar for methylene blue removal from aqueous matrix. Bioresour Technol 293:122093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Heviraa L, Zilfac Rahmayeni, Ighalo JO, Aziz H, Zein R (2021) Terminalia catappa shell as low-cost biosorbent for the removal of methylene blue from aqueous solutions. J Ind Eng Chem 97:188–199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Albadarin AB, Collins MN, Naushad M, Shirazian S, Walker G, Mangwandi C (2017) Activated lignin-chitosan extruded blends for efficient adsorption of methylene blue. Chem Eng J 307:264–272

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Alomar TS, AlMasoud N, Sharma G, ALOthman ZA, Naushad M (2021) Incorporation of trimetallic nanoparticles to the SiO2 matrix for the removal of methylene blue dye from aqueous medium. J Mol Liquids 336:116274

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Prajapati, A.K. Mondal, M.K. Green synthesis of Fe3O4-onion peel biochar nanocomposites for adsorption of Cr(VI), methylene blue and congo red dye from aqueous solutions, J Mol Liquids (2021) 118161.

  43. Fan S, Wang Y, Wang Z, Tang J, Tang J, Li X (2017) Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by sewage sludge-derived biochar: adsorption kinetics, equilibrium, thermodynamics and mechanism. J Environ Chem Eng 5(1):601–611

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to the Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT ISM) Dhanbad, India, for their support. The authors are also grateful to Indian Institute of Technology, Varanasi, India, for the characterization support. The author A. Oraon wants to acknowledge the whole team who supported him during this research study beside many difficulties faced in our mother institution BIT Sindri, Dhanbad, India.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, BIT Sindri, Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 828123, India

    Ajay Oraon, Mahendra Ram & Amit Kumar Gupta‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India

    Anuj Kumar Prajapati & Mahendra Ram

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, 826004, India

    Vinod Kumar Saxena & Suman Dutta

Authors
  1. Ajay Oraon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anuj Kumar Prajapati
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Mahendra Ram
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Vinod Kumar Saxena
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Suman Dutta
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Amit Kumar Gupta‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬‬
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Contributions

Ajay Oraon: data curation, investigation, formal analysis, methodology, writing—original draft; Anuj Kumar Prajapati: conceptualization, investigation, validation and software analysis; Mahendra Ram: conceptualization, writing—review and editing; Vinod Kumar Saxena: investigation, validation; Suman Dutta: supervision, validation, writing—review; Amit Kumar Gupta: investigation, validation.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mahendra Ram.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

Additional information

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Oraon, A., Prajapati, A.K., Ram, M. et al. Synthesis, characterization, and application of microporous biochar prepared from Pterospermum acerifolium plant fruit shell waste for methylene blue dye adsorption: the role of surface modification by SDS surfactant. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 931–953 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02320-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02320-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation