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Normative Data of Infant Pulmonary Function Testing: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study from India

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Abstract

Objective

To develop a normal reference range of Infant pulmonary function test (IPFT) indices for Indian children.

Design

Prospective birth cohort study.

Setting

Division of Pediatric Pulmonology of a tertiary-care institute in India from August 2012 to March 2017.

Participants

All neonates born at the institute during the study period were screened for eligibility.

Measurement

IPFT at baseline and every 6-month until 36-months of age.

Main Outcome Measure(s)

Tidal breathing flow-volume loop (TBFVL), Rapid thoracoabdominal compression (RTC), and Raised volume RTC (RVRTC) indices at baseline and follow-up.

Results

310 newborns were enrolled in the cohort; 281 of them (169 male) had completed 36-months of follow-up at the end of the study period. There was no influence of gender on the baseline IPFT indices. Tidal volume per unit body weight (VT/kg) significantly increased from baseline to 36 months of age (P<0.001) while the peak ratio (tPTEF/tE) initially decreased in first 18-months of age (P<0.001), after that returned to the baseline value by 36 months of age. RTC indices did not change significantly from baseline values. In RVRTC, the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 0.5s to forced vital capacity (FEV0.5/FVC) was significantly decreased from baseline to 36 months of age (P=0.002).

Conclusions

Normal values for various IPFT indices for TBFVL, RTC, and RVRTC from neonates to the age of 36-month are provided. These data may be used as normative data for healthy neonates and children of Indian origin.

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Acknowledgments

Satish Thomas, Ritu Dubey and Rajat Prakash for their contribution in this study.

Funding

Funding: The Department of Biotechnology, Government of India.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India

    Prawin Kumar, Aparna Mukherjee, Shivani Randev, Kana Ram Jat, Rakesh Lodha & Sushil K. Kabra

  2. Pediatrics Pulmonology Division, Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India

    Sushil K. Kabra

Authors
  1. Prawin Kumar
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  2. Aparna Mukherjee
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  3. Shivani Randev
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  4. Kana Ram Jat
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  5. Rakesh Lodha
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  6. Sushil K. Kabra
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Contributions

Contributors: SKK, RL: conceptualized and designed the study, developed protocol and drafted the manuscript; PK, SR: enrolled patients, collected and analysed data, reviewed literature and prepared initial draft of the manuscript; AM: collected and analysed data, reviewed literature and manuscript preparation; KRJ: data analysis, reviewed literature and manuscript preparation. All authors critically revised and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sushil K. Kabra.

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Competing interests: None stated.

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Kumar, P., Mukherjee, A., Randev, S. et al. Normative Data of Infant Pulmonary Function Testing: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study from India. Indian Pediatr 57, 25–33 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-020-1699-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13312-020-1699-8

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