SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of handling and processing on pesticide residues in food- a review

  • Review
  • Published:
Journal of Food Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Pesticides are one of the major inputs used for increasing agricultural productivity of crops. The pesticide residues, left to variable extent in the food materials after harvesting, are beyond the control of consumer and have deleterious effect on human health. The presence of pesticide residues is a major bottleneck in the international trade of food commodities. The localization of pesticides in foods varies with the nature of pesticide molecule, type and portion of food material and environmental factors. The food crops treated with pesticides invariably contain unpredictable amount of these chemicals, therefore, it becomes imperative to find out some alternatives for decontamination of foods. The washing with water or soaking in solutions of salt and some chemicals e.g. chlorine, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, acetic acid, hydroxy peracetic acid, iprodione and detergents are reported to be highly effective in reducing the level of pesticides. Preparatory steps like peeling, trimming etc. remove the residues from outer portions. Various thermal processing treatments like pasteurization, blanching, boiling, cooking, steaming, canning, scrambling etc. have been found valuable in degradation of various pesticides depending upon the type of pesticide and length of treatment. Preservation techniques like drying or dehydration and concentration increase the pesticide content many folds due to concentration effect. Many other techniques like refining, fermentation and curing have been reported to affect the pesticide level in foods to varied extent. Milling, baking, wine making, malting and brewing resulted in lowering of pesticide residue level in the end products. Post harvest treatments and cold storage have also been found effective. Many of the decontamination techniques bring down the concentration of pesticides below MRL. However, the diminution effect depends upon the initial concentration at the time of harvest, substrate/food and type of pesticide. There is diversified information available in literature on the effect of preparation, processing and subsequent handling and storage of foods on pesticide residues which has been compiled in this article.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abd-Rabo FH, Abou Dawood AE, Ahemd NS, Hassan FAM (1989) Heat treatments changes amount of pesticide residues in buffalo’s milk. Egypt J Dairy Sci 17:349–357

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abou-Arab AAK (1999) Effects of processing and storage of dairy products on lindane residues and metabolites. Food Chem 64:467–473

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abou-Arab AAK, Abou-Donia MA (2001) Pesticides residues in some Egyptian species and medicinal plants as affected by processing. Food Chem 72:439–445

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abu-Elamayem MM, Abdel All A, Tantawy GA (1979) Fate of leptophos in milk and wheat during the processing steps. Alex J Agric Res 27:659–663

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ali AA, Metwally MM, Ahmed NS, Anb AK (1993) Pesticide residues in milk and their distribution among dairy products. Egypt J Dairy Sci 22:291–299

    Google Scholar 

  • Alnaji LK (1987) Distribution of primipho-methyl residue on Iraqui hard wheat milling fractions and in bread during storage. Iraq J Agric Sci “Zanco” 5:191–199

    Google Scholar 

  • Alnaji LK, Kadoum AM (1979) Residues of methyl phoxim in wheat and milling fractions. J Agric Food Chem 27:583–584

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alnaji LK, Kadoum AM (1981) Note on the effects of baking on methyl phoxim and malathion residues on bread. Cereal Chem 58:74–75

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Alnaji LK, Kadoum AM, Ponte JG (1979) Effect of chlorine bleaching and baking temperature on methyl phoxim and malathion residues in cakes. Cereal Chem 56:245–248

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Arita T (1994) Elution patterns of post-harvest application pesticides from noodles during the boiling process. J Food Hyg Soc Japan 35:34–40

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Awasthi MD (1986) Chemical treatments for the decontamination on brinjal fruits from the residues of synthetic pyrethroids. Pest Sci 17:89–92

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Awasthi MD (1993) Decontamination of insecticide residues on mango by washing and peeling. J Food Sci Technol 30:132–133

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Balinova AM, Mladenova RI, Shtereva DD (2007) Study on the effect of grain storage and processing on deltamethrin residues in post-harvest treated wheat with regard to baby-food safety requirements. Food Addit Contam 24:896–901

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Battu RS, Singh PP, Kapoor SK, Singh B, Kalra RL (1989) Residue implications of using technical HCH on rice crop in Punjab. Pestic Res J 1:67–71

    Google Scholar 

  • Bayarri S, Herrera A, Conchello MP, Arino AA, Lazaro R, Yague C (1998) Influence of meat processing and meat starter microorganisms on the degradation of organochlorine contaminants. J Agric Food Chem 46:3187–3193

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bengston M, Connell M, Davies RAH, Desmarchelier JM, Phillips MP, Snelson JT, Sticka R (1980) Fenitothion plus (1R)- Phenothrin and Pirimiphos-methyl plus carbaryl, as grain protectant combinations for wheat. Pestic Sci 11:471–482

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bengston M, Davies RAH, Demarchelier JM, Henning R, Murrav W, Simpson BW, Snelson JT, Sticka R, Wallbank BE (1983) Organophosphorothioates and synergized synthetic pyrethroids as grain protectants on bulk wheat. Pest Sci 14:373–384

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Benoualid K, Gueriviere JF (1972) Pesticide residues in wheat and its milling products. Cathiers de Nutrition et de Dietetique 7:241–247

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhagirathi D, Kapoor SK, Singh B (2001) Persistence of malathion residues on/in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum Linn). Pest Res J 13:99–102

    Google Scholar 

  • Bindra OS (1973) The magnitude of pesticidal pollution in India. In: Bindra OS, Kalra RL (eds) Progress and problems in pesticide-residue analysis. Punjab Agricultural University and Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Ludhiana, pp 41–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Bognar A (1977) Studies to reduce or eliminate residues of crop protection products in vegetal foods through kitcen processing. Dtsch Lebensm Rundsch 73:149–157

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bolletti P, Tellini L, Becciolini S (1996) Organophosphate residues in flour and bread. Tecnica Molitoria 47:857–860

    Google Scholar 

  • Boulaid M, Aguilera A, Camacho F, Soussi M, Valverde A (2005) Effect of household processing and unit-to-unit variability of pyrifenox, pyridaben, and tralomethrin residues in tomatoes. J Agric Food Chem 53:4054–4058

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Briggs GC (1985) Physical properties and environmental behaviour of pyrethroids. Pest Sci 16:193–194

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown GL, Petagine F, Osbourne BG, Seiler DAL (1991) The reduction of chemical and microbial contaminants in wheat. HGCA Project report 35:1–44

    Google Scholar 

  • Burchat CS, Ripley BD, Leishman PD, Ritcey GM, Kakuda Y, Stephenson GR (1998) The distribution of nine pesticides between the juice and pulp of carrots and tomatoes after home processing. Food Addit Contam 15:61–71

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabras P, Porcu M, Spanedda L, Cabitza F (1991) The fate of the fungicide benalaxyl from vine to wine. Italian J Food Sci 3:181–186

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabras P, Angioni A (2000) Pesticide residues in grapes, wine and their processing products. J Agric Food Chem 48:967–973

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabras A, Garau VL, Melis Pirisi FM, Cabitza F, Pala M (1998a) Pesticide residues in raisin processing. J Agric Food Chem 46:2309–2311

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabras P, Angion A, Garau LV, Pirisi MF, Brandolini V, Cabitza F, Cubeddu M (1998b) Pesticide residue in prune processing. J Agric Food Chem 46:3772–3774

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabras P, Angioni A, Garau VL, Minelli EV, Cabitza F, Cubeddu M (1998c) Pesticide residues in plums from field treatment to the drying process. Italian J Food Sci 10:81–85

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabras P, Angioni A, Garau VL, Melis M, Pirisi FM, Cabitza F, Cubeddu M (1998d) Pesticides residues on field-sprayed apricots and in apricot drying processes. J Agric Food Chem 46:2306–2308

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chavarri MJ, Herrera A, Arino A (2005) The decrease in pesticides in fruit and vegetables during commercial processing. Int J Food Sci Technol 40:205–211

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clower M, Mc Crathy JP, Rains DM (1985) Effect of cooking on levels of ethylene dibromide residues in rice. JAOAC 68:710–711

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cogburn RR, Simonaitis RA, Webb BD (1990) Fate of malathion and chlorpyriphos methyl in rough rice and milling fractions before and after parboiling and cooking. J Econ Entomol 83:1636–1639

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dabiza NMA, El Senaity MH, El Z, Dein MM (1999) Pesticide residues in some market dairy products and distribution of malathion in butter, ghee and Domiati cheese during manufacture. Egypt J Dairy Sci 27:345–357

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dewan RS, Mishra SS, Handa SK, Beri TY (1967) Persistence of DDT, Γ- BHC and Carbaryl residues on Bhindi, Abelmoschus Esculentus fruits. Indian J Ent 29:225–230

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deshmukh SN, Lal R (1969) Investigations on carbaryl residue in/on brinjal plants. Indian J Ent 31:222–234

    Google Scholar 

  • Dikshit AK (2001) Persistence of cypermethrin on stored pulses and its decontamination. Pest Res J 13:141–146

    Google Scholar 

  • Dikshit AK (2002) Stability of deltamethrin on pulses during storage and the effect of processing. Pest Res J 14:40–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Duhan A, Kumari B, Gulati R (2010) Effect of household processing on fenazaquin residues in okra fruits. Bull Env Cont Toxic 84:217–220

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Hadidi F, Zabik MJ, Cash JN, Siddiq M, Wandan EN, Jones AL (1996) Pesticide residues in fresh and processed apple product. Conference Proceedings United States of America, Institute of Food Technologists, 1996 Annual Meeting. Dep. of Food Sci. & Human Nutr., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

  • El-Nabarawy IM, Fonzy ASM, Sheble DEA, Shalby SEM (2002) Incidence and stability of pesticide residues in some vegetable fruits as affected by food processing. Egypt J Food Sci 30:205–215

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • El-Hoshy SM (1997) Insecticide residues in milk and influence of heat treatments and bacterial fermentation as safe guard against these pollutants. Assiut Vet Med J 37:141–155

    Google Scholar 

  • Elkins ER, Lamb FC, Cook RW (1968) Removal of DDT, Malathion and Carbaryl from green beans by commercial and home preparative procedures. J Agric Food Chem 16:962–966

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elliot M (1980) Established pyrethroids. Pest Sci 11:119–128

    Google Scholar 

  • FAO (1985) Prevention of post harvest losses. Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome

    Google Scholar 

  • Farris GA, Cabras P, Spanedda L (1992) Pesticide residues in food processing. Italian J Food Sci 4:149–169

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Flori P, Frabboni B, Cesari A (2001) Pesticide decay models in the wine-making process and wine storage. Italian Food Beverage Technol 26:5–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Frank R, Braun HE, Ripley BD (1990) Residues of insecticides in fruit produced in Ontario, Canada 1986–1988. Food Addit Contam 7:637–648

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukazawa T, Tsutsumi T, Tokairin S, Ehara H, Maruyama T, Niiya I (1999) Behavior of organophosphorus pesticides obtained from oils by refining treatment. J Japan Oil Chemists' Soc 48:247–251

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fukazawa T, Kobayashi T, Tokairin S, Chimi K, Maruyama T, Yanagita T (2007) Behavior of N-methylcarbamate pesticides during refinement processing of edible oils. J Oleo Sci 56:65–71

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gill K, Kumari B, Kathpal TS (2001) Dissipation of α-methrin residues in/on brinjal and tomato during storage and processing conditions. J Food Sci Technol 38:43–46

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A (2006) Pesticide residue in food commodities. Agrobios (India)

  • Hadjikinova M, Prokopov T, Taneva D (2006) Decontaminating effect in the processing of contaminated with pesticides cherries. Khranitelno-vkusova-Promishlenost 12:24–27

    Google Scholar 

  • Halland PT, Hamilton D, Ohlin B, Skidmore MW (1994) Effects of storage and processing on pesticide residues in plant products. IUPAC reports on pesticides(31). Pure Appl Chem 66:335–356

    Google Scholar 

  • Hasegawa Y, Tonogai Y, Nakamura Y, Ito Y (1991) Changes in pesticide residues in cherries during storage and canning in syrup after post harvest application. J Food Hyg Soc Japan 32:427–433

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hazarika S, Dikshit AK (1992) Residues of cypermethrin and the effect of processing on stored greengram. Pest Res J 42:143–149

    Google Scholar 

  • Helfrich LA (2009) Aquatic animals; a guide to reducing impacts on aquatic systems. http//publc.ext.vt.edu/420/420-013/420-013htm. Accessed on June 3, 2011

  • Hori Y, Chonan T, Sato M, Okada M (1992) Pesticides of organophosphorus pesticides in wheat after milling and cooking. J Food Hyg Soc Japan 33:144–149

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu SY, Epstein RL, Huei JC, Tian FS (1995) Effects of cooking on pesticide residues in chicken eggs. Food Sci Taiwan 22:550–555

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hwang ES, Cash JN, Zabik MJ (2001) Postharvest treatments for the reduction of mancozeb in fresh apples. J Agric Food Chem 49:3127–3132

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaggi S, Sood C, Kumar V, Ravindranath SD, Shankar A (2000) Loss of quinalphos during tea processing. Pestology 24:42–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Joia BS, Webster GRB, Loschiavo SR (1985) Cypermethrin and fenvalerate residue in stored wheat and milled fractions. J Agric Food Chem 33:618–622

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jordral M, Martinez P, Angulo R, Gallego MC, Pozo R (1995) Effect of milk pasteurization on DDT and its metabolites. Alimentaria No 266:25–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Kadian S, Kumar R, Grewal RB, Srivastava SP (2001) Effect of household processing on cypermethrin residues in some commonly used vegetables. Pestology 25:10–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Kang SM, Lee MG (2005) Fate of some pesticides during brining and cooking of Chinese cabbage and spinach. Food Sci Biotech 14:77–81

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kang BK, Jot G, Sharma RK, Sahoo SK, Battu RS, Singh B (2009) Dissipation kinetics of propargiate in brinjal fruits under subtropical conditions of Punjab, India. Bull Environ Contm Toxicol 82:248–250

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kannan K, Tanabe S, Giesy JP, Tatsukawa R (1997) Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in food stuffs from Asian and Oceanic countries. Rev Environ Contm Toxicol 152:1–55

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Khaire JT, Deethe MD (1983) Effects of washing and cooking on the dimethoate level in cauliflower curds. J Maharashtra Agric Univ 8(1):61–62

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim SD, Kim ID, Park MZ, Lee YG (2000) Effect of ozone water on pesticide-residual contents of soybean sprouts during cultivation. Korean J Food Sci Technol 32:277–283

    Google Scholar 

  • Kooner R, Sahoo SK, Singh B, Battu RS (2010) Dissipation kinetics of flubendiamide and thiacloprid on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) and soil. Quality assurance and safety of crops & foods. Blackwell publishing Ltd. 36–40

  • Krieger RI (2001) Handbook of pesticide toxicology: Principles. Academic Press. p 585

  • Kumar V, Sood C, Jaggi S, Ravindranath SD, Bhardwaj SP, Shankar A (2005) Dissipation behavior of propargite-an acaricide residues in soil, apple (Malus pumila) and tea (Camellia sinensis). Chemosphere 58:837–843

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lal AK, Dikshit AK (2000) Persistence of deltamethrin on chickpea and its decontamination. Pest Res J 12:74–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Lalitha P, Uma Reddy M, Narsimha Rao B, Reddy DDR (1998) Dissipation of quinalphos and the effect of processing in cauliflower. Indian J Nutr Diet 35:129–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee MG, Jung DI (2009) Processing factors and removal ratios of select pesticides in hot pepper leaves by a successive process of washing, blanching and drying. Food Sci Biotech 18:1076–1082

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SR, Mourer CR, Shibamoto T (1991) Analysis before and after cooking processes of a trace chlorpyriphos spiked in polished rice. J Agric Food Chem 39:906–08

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee YS, Chou SS (1995) Reduced pesticide residues in vegetables by various methods of washing. Conf Proc IFT Annual Meeting 1995. Food Sci. Program, Univ. of the District of Columbia, Washington, DC 20008, USA

  • Lee MG (2001) Reduction of Chlorpyriphos and fenitrothion residues in red pepper peel by washing and drying. Food Sci Biotech 10:429–437

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee MG, Lee SR (1997) Reduction factors and risk assessment of organophosphorus pesticides in Korean foods. Korean J Food Sci Technol 29:240–248

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lennon SF, Reighard GL, Horton D, Schermerhom P, Podhorniak L, Infante R (2006) Profiling presence and concentration of eighteen pesticide residues through a commercial canning process. Acta Hort 713:409–415

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lentza-Rizos C (1995) Residues of iprodione in fresh and canned peaches after pre- and postharvest treatment. J Agric Food Chem 43:1357–1360

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis DJ, Thorpe SA, Reynolds SL (1996) The carry-through of residues of thiabendazole, tecnazene and chlorpropham from potatoes following manufacture into potato crisps and jacket potato crisps. Food Addit Contam 13:221–229

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis DJ, Thorpe SA, Wilkinson K, Reynolds SL (1998) The carry-through of residues of maleic hydrazide from treated potatoes, following manufacture into potato crisps and jacket potato crisps. Food Addit Contam 15:506–509

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li C, Bradley RL Jr, Schultz LH (1970) Fate of organochlorine pesticides during processing of milk into dairy products. J Assoc Off Agric Chem 53:127–139

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lipowska T, Szymczyk K, Danielewska B, Szteke B (1998) Influence of technological process on fenitrotion [fenitrothion?] residues during production of concentrated apple juice - short report. Polish J Food Nutr Sci 7(48):293–297

    Google Scholar 

  • Madan VK, Kathpal TS (2001) Decontamination of pesticide residues in milk by different kitchen processes. Int conf pesticide, environment, food security, IARI, New Delhi, p 267–68

  • Mahajan BVC, Dhatt AS, Sandhu KS, Garg A (2008) Effect of CIPC (Isopropyl-N (3-chlorophenyl) carbamate) on storage and processing quality of potato. J Food Agric Environ 6:34–38

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mandal K, Chahal GS, Sahoo SK, Battu RS, Singh B (2010) Dissipation kineics of β-cyfluthrin and imidocloprid in brinjal and soil under subtropical conditions of Punjab, India. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 84:225–229

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Marudov G, Pietrowska E, Radeva SI (1996) Influence of cherry processing into puree and clear juice on pesticides residues. Fluessiges-Obst 63(7):399–401

    Google Scholar 

  • Marudov G, Radeva S, Pietrowska E, Nikolov I (1999) Influence of processing peaches into puree and nectar on contents of pesticides residues. Fluessiges-Obst 66(4):171–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Mensah GWK, Watters FL, Webster GRB (1979) Insecticide residues in the milled fractions of dry or tough wheat treated with malathion, bromophos, iodofenophs and pirimiphos-methyl. J Econ Entomol 72:728–31

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mergnat T, Fritsch P, Saint Joly C, Truchot E, Saint Blanquat G (1996) Reduction of phosalone residue levels during industrial dehydration of apples. Food Addit Contam 12:759–767

    Google Scholar 

  • Michaels B, Gangar V, Schattenberg H, Blevins M, Ayers T (2003) Effectiveness of cleaning methodologies used for removal of physical, chemical and microbiological residues from produce. Food Service Technol 3:9–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee M-G, Chun M-W (2003) Leaching of pesticide residues during juicing of kale crop. Food Sci Biotech 12:603–606

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Misra AK, Vinod RS, Bhattacharyya A (1996) Degradation of fenvalerate (pyrethroid) pesticide in milk by lactic acid bacteria. Indian J Dairy Sci 49:635–639

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyahara M, Saito Y (1993) Pesticide removal efficiencies of soybean oil refining processes. J Agric Food Chem 41:731–734

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyahara M, Saito Y (1994) Effect of the processing steps in toffee production on pesticide residues. J Agric Food Chem 42(2):369–373

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miyake Y, Hashimoto K, Matsuki H, Ono M, Tajima R (2002) Fate of insecticide and fungicide residues on barley during storage and malting. J Am Soc Brew Chem 60:110–115

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagayama T (1996) Behaviour of residual organo-phosphorus pesticdes in food stuffs during leaching or cooking. J Agric Food Chem 44(8):2388–2393

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagayama T (1997) Decrease in organic solvent extractable ethion by grapefruit pectin during processing. J Agric Food Chem 45:4856–4860

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nagesh M, Verma S (1997) Decontamination of cabbage treated with chlorpyriphos and quinalphos. Indian J Entomol 59:404–410

    Google Scholar 

  • Nakamura Y, Sekiguchi Y, Hsegawa S, Tsumura Y, Tongai Y, Ito Y (1993) Reductions in post harvest- applied dichlorvos, chlorophos-methyl, Malathion, fenitrothion and bromide in rice during storage and cooking processes. J Agric Food Chem 41:1910–1915

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nath G, Jat RN, Srivastava BP (1975) Effect of washing, cooking and dehydration on the removal of some Insecticides from Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench.). J Food Sci Technol 12:127–130

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Navarro S, Perez G, Navarro G, Vela N (2007) Decline of pesticide residues from barley to malt. Food Addit Cont 24:851–859

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Neicheva A, Ludneva D, Karageorgiev D (1993) Pesticide residues in apple purees for infants. Khranitelna-Promishlenost 42:14–16

    Google Scholar 

  • NPIC (2011) National pesticide information Center. http//npic.orst.edu/envir/efate.html, accessed June 3, 2011

  • Oliveira JJdoV, Toledo MC de F (1996) Degradation of chlorothalonil and captan in strawberries after storage at low temperature (5 °C). Coletanea do Instituto de Tecnologia de Alimentos 26:103–110

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ong KC, Cash JN, Zabik MJ, Siddiq M (1995) Use of chlorine and ozone as postharvest wash in the removal of pesticides from apples. Conference Proceedings IFT Annual Meeting 1995. Dep. of Food Sci. & Human Nutr., Michigan State Univ., East Lansing, MI 48824, USA

  • Ong KC, Cash JN, Zabik MJ, Siddiq M, Jones AL (1996) Chlorine and ozone washes for pesticide removal from apples and processed apple sauce. Food Chem 55:153–160

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Papadopoulou ME, Tomazou T (1991) Persistence and activity of permethrin in stored wheat and its residues in wheat milling fractions. J Stored Prod Res 27:249–254

    Google Scholar 

  • Patel BA, Shah PG, Raj MF, Patel BK, Patel JA (2001) Dissipation of lindane in/on brinjal and okra fruits. Pest Res J 13:58–61

    Google Scholar 

  • Pietrino D (1991) Pesticide residues and milk processing. Industria del Latte 27:3–32

    Google Scholar 

  • Phani-Kumar K, Jagdishwar Reddy D, Narasimha Reddy K, Ramesh Babu T, Narendranath VV (2000a) Dissipation and decontamination of triazophos and acephate residues in chilli (Capsicum annum Linn). Pest Res J 12:26–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Phani-Kumar K, Jagdishwar Reddy D, Narasimha Reddy K, Ramesh Babu T, Narendranath VV (2000b) Dissipation of cypermethrin residues in chilli. Pest Res J 12:130–132

    Google Scholar 

  • Pimentel D (1987) Pesticides: energy use in chemical agriculture. In: Marini-Battelo GB (ed) Towards a second green revolution. Elsvier, Amsterdam, pp 157–176

    Google Scholar 

  • Puccetti G, Luca DAE, Comi R, Fortini P, Meatta M, Leoni V (1993) Health aspects of using pirimiphos-methyl as a preservative for stored grain and presence of organophosphorus pesticide residues in cereal products. Ig Mod 99:227–240

    Google Scholar 

  • Pugliese P, Molto JC, Damiani P, Marin R, Cossignani L, Manes J (2004) Gas chromatographic evaluation of pesticide residue contents in nectarines after non-toxic washing treatments. J Chromat-A 1050:185–191

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhanggui Q, ** Y, **%2CY&author=**a%2CW"> Google Scholar 

  • Radwan MA, Abu-Elamayem MM, Shiboob MH, Abdel-Aal A (2005) Residual behaviour of profenofos on some field-grown vegetables and its removal using various washing solutions and household processing. Food Chem Toxic 43:553–557

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rajashekar K, Kondal-Reddy K, Narasimha-Reddy K, Sudhakar-Reddy K (2007) Effect of processing of milk into products on the residue levels of certain pesticides. J Food Sci Technol 44:551–552

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramadan AAS, El Wakeil F, Kamel MM (1992) Effect of food processing on some pesticides in and on tomatoes and its product. ‘Proc. second Alexandria conf food sci techno’; Egypt, University of Alexandria [Food Science Symposium. Nat. Res. Cent., Dokki, Cairo, Egypt

  • Reddy NK, Sultan MA, Reddy DJ, Babu TR (2001) Dissipation and decontamination of triazophos and lindane in brinjal. Pestology 25:51–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Riederer M, Schreiber L (1995) Waxes- the transport barriers of plant cuticles. In: Hamilton RJ (ed) Waxes- chemistry, molecular biology and functions. Oily, Dundee, pp 131–156

    Google Scholar 

  • Romeh AA, Mekky TM, Ramadan RA, Hendawi MY (2009) Dissipation of profenofos, imidacloprid and penconazole in tomato fruits and products. Bull Env Cont Toxic 83:812–817

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roy NK (2002) Pesticide residues and their environmental implications. In: Roy NK (ed) Chemistry of pesticides. CBS, New Delhi, pp 265–279

    Google Scholar 

  • Ruediger GA, Pardo KH, Sas AN, Godden PW, Pollnitz AP (2005) Fate of pesticides during the winemaking process in relation to malolactic fermentation. J Agric Food Chem 53:3023–3026

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ruiz-Mendez MV, de la Rosa IP, Jimenez-Marquez A, Uceda-Ojeda M (2005) Elimination of pesticides in olive oil by refining using bleaching and deodorization. Food Addit Contam 22:23–30

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sahoo SK (2009) Dissipation kinetics of flubendiamide on chilli and soil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 83:384–387

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saka M, Iijima K, Nishida M, KomaY HN, Sato K, Kato Y (2008a) Effects of processing and cooking on the levels of pesticide residues in rice samples. J Food Hyg Soc Japan 49:141–149

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Saka M, Iijima K, Nishida M, Koma Y, Hasegawa N, Sato K, Kato Y (2008b) Effects of processing and cooking on the levels of pesticide residues in soybean samples. J Food Hyg Soc Japan 49:160–167

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sakaliene O, Koskinen WC, Blazauskiene G, Petroviene I (2009) Level and fate of chlorpropham in potatoes during storage and processing. J Env Sci Health, B(Pesticides, Food Contaminants and Agricultural Wastes) 44:1–6

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schattenberg HJ III, Geno PW, Hsu JP, Fry WG, Parker RP (1996) Effect of household preparation on levels of pesticide residues in produce. JAOAC Int 79:1447–1453

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Severini C, de Pilli T, Petruccelli A, Baiano A, Scapicchio P (2003) Effects of technological processes on pesticide residues in canned tomatoes. Industrie Alimentari 42(425):487–495

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma ID, Nath A, Dubey JK (1994) Persistence of mancozeb (Dithane M 45) in some vegetables and efficacy of decontamination processes. J Food Sci Technol 31:215–18

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma J, Satya S, Kumar V, Tewary DK (2005) Dissipation of pesticides during breadmaking. J Chem Health Safety 12:17–22

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Singh M (2002) Production and utilization of peticides in Asia and Pacific. Asian Productivity Organization, Tokyo, pp 190–202

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh P, Lal R (1966) Dissipation of malathion residues on tomato and pea. Indian J Ent 28:332–338

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh R, Madan VK, Singh B, Kathpal TS (2000) Dissipation of propham and chlorpropham residues in potato tubers, peel and pulp. Pestic Res J 12:133–136

    Google Scholar 

  • Soleas GJ, Goldberg DM (2000) Potential role of clarifying agents in the removal of pesticide residues during wine production and their effects upon wine quality. J Wine Res 11:19–34

    Google Scholar 

  • Soliman KM (2001) Changes in concentration of pesticide residues in potatoes during washing and home preparation. Food Chem Toxic 39:887–891

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stozhoko NY, Kozitsina AN, Chiavarini S, Cremisini C, Ubaldi C (2007) Determination of trace metals and pesticides in must during fermentation in a vinification process. Italian J Food Sci 19:25–38

    Google Scholar 

  • Sugibayashi S, Hamada I, Mishima I, Yoshikawa N, Kataoka J, Kawaguchi Y, Fujimoto Y, Semma M, Ito Y (1996) Reduction in the residual levels of dichlorvos and 19 other agricultural chemicals by washing and cooking in experimental models of white potato and carrot. Nippon shokuhin Kagaku Gakkaishi 2(2):97–101

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Street JC (1969) Methods of removal of pesticide residues. Canadian Med Assoc J 100:154–160

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tateo F, Crivelli C (1994) Reduction of organophosphate pesticides resulting from transformation of citric essential oils into cold deterpenated products. Industrie Alimentari 33(323):141–146

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tejada AW, Calumpang SMF, Gambalan NB (1990) Effect of processing on residues of Chlorpyriphos in stored corn and rice. Phillipine Agriculturist 73:375–385

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor KC, Bush PB (2002) Influence of postharvest handling on the concentration of pesticide residues in peach peel. Hort Sci 37:554–558

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Toker I, Bayindirli A (2003) Enzymatic peeling of apricots, nectarines and peaches. Lebensmittel Wissenschaftund Technologie 36:215–221

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsai CF, Chou SS, Shyu YT (1997) Removal of methamidophos and carbofuran residue in broccoli during freezing processing. J Food and Drug Analysis 5:217–223

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tsumura HY, Tonogai Y, Nakamura Y, Ito Y (1992) Residues of post-harvest application pesticides in citrus fruits after storage and processing into lemon marmalade. J Food Hyg Soc Japan 33:258–266

    Google Scholar 

  • Trewavas A, Stewart D (2003) Paradoxical effects of chemicals in the diet on health. Current Opinion Plant Biol 6:185–190

    Google Scholar 

  • Tsumura Y, Hasegawa S, Sekiguchi Y, Nakamura Y, Tonogai Y, Ito Y (1994) Residues of post-harvest application pesticides in buckwheat after storage and processing into noodles. J Food Hyg Soc Japan 35:1–7

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Udeaan AS, Bindra OS (1973) Malathion residues in different fractions of treated foodgrains and their finished derivatives. In: Bindra OS, Kalra RL (eds) Progress and problems in pesticide-residue analysis. Punjab Agricultural University and Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Ludhiana, pp 61–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Uygun U, Senoz B, Ozturk S, Koksel H (2009) Degradation of organophosphorus pesticides in wheat during cookie processing. Food Chem 117:261–264

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wallis RK, Smith FF, Wheeler HG, Gaylor EA (1957) Malathion residues on vegetable, berry and tobacco crops. J Econ Ent 50:362–364

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe S, Watanabe S, Ito K (1988) Residue of synthetic pyrethroid insecticide fenvalerate in vegetables and its fate in the process of cooking. Kanagawa-ken Eisei Kenkyusho Kenkyu Hokoku 18:43–45

    Google Scholar 

  • Wen KC, Shimamoto T, Nishihara T, Kondo M (1985) Behavior of pesticides during cooking treatments. II food samples. Eisei Kagaku 31:256–259

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Will F, Gaubatz B, Steinberg G, Weber M (1999) Pesticide residues in wine production. Mitteilungen Klosterneuburg Rebe und Wein Obstabu und Frucheverwertung 49:159–165

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu JG, Luan TG, Lan CY, Lo WH, Chan GYS (2007) Efficacy evaluation of low-concentration of ozonated water in removal of residual diazinon, parathion, methyl-parathion and cypermethrin on vegetable. J Food Engg 79:803–809

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshida S, Murata H, Imaida M (1992) Distribution of pesticide residues in vegetables and fruits and removal by washing. JAgric Chem Soc Japan 66:1007–1011

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan Y, Zhang Z, Ye (2009) Effects of processing on pesticide residues in cabbage and its dietary exposure assessment. J Chinese Inst Food Sci Technol 9:174–181

    Google Scholar 

  • Zabik MJ, El-Hadidi MFA, Cash JN, Zabik ME, Jones AL (2000) Reduction of azinphos-methyl, chlorpyriphos, esfenvalerate and methomyl residues in processed apples. J Agric Food Chem 48:4199–4203

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zidan ZH, Fayed AE, AbouArab AA, El-Nockrashy SA (1994) Monitoring some contaiminats during the manufacture of some conventional dairy products. Egypt J Dairy Sci 22:19–29

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zohair A (2001) Behaviour of some organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides in potatoes during soaking in different solutions. Food Chem Toxic 39:751–755

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab, India

    Usha Bajwa

  2. Punjab Horticultural Postharvest Technology Centre, Punjab Agricultural University Campus, Ludhiana, 141 004, Punjab, India

    Kulwant Singh Sandhu

Authors
  1. Usha Bajwa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kulwant Singh Sandhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Usha Bajwa.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Bajwa, U., Sandhu, K.S. Effect of handling and processing on pesticide residues in food- a review. J Food Sci Technol 51, 201–220 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0499-5

Download citation

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-011-0499-5

Keywords

Search

Navigation