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Total Hydroxycinnamic Acids Assay: Prevalidation and Application on Lamiaceae Species

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Abstract

In this work, qualitative and quantitative analyses of total hydroxycinnamic acid (THA) derivatives in leaves, flowers and aerial parts of 32 Lamiaceae species were carried out. HPTLC analysis of plant material indicated rosmarinic acid as the main phenolic acid in 22 Lamiaceae plant extracts, while chlorogenic acid predominated in other 10 investigated species. Determination of THA in different medicinal plants was performed by colorimetric methods using chromogenic system of HCl-NaNO2–Na2MoO4–NaOH and two standards: rosmarinic acid (R-THA procedure) and chlorogenic acid (C-THA procedure). Performance characteristics of THA assay were established, and the quality of the analytical procedures was evaluated using valuable prevalidation strategy. Good quality of the measurements at the lower analyte level, excellent resolution of blank and analyte signals, homogenous data material, ideal linear calibration and analytical evaluation functions, very low limit of detection [L D(R-THA) = 0.53 μg; L D(C-THD) = 1.75 μg] and limit of quantitation [L Q(R-THD) = 1.76 μg; L Q(C-THD) = 4.21 μg], and high precision and accuracy confirmed the high quality of investigated procedures as valuable tools in THA analysis. Application of these prevalidated, simple and rapid analytical methods revealed that the studied Lamiaceae plants differ greatly in their THA contents, ranging from 1.95 % (Acinos arvensis) to 11.03 % (Satureja subspicata). The results obtained from qualitative and quantitative analysis provided new information regarding phytochemical characterization of Lamiaceae species originating from Croatia and highlighted members of the genus Micromeria, Origanum, Melissa and Satureja as rich sources of hydroxycinnamic acids.

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Abbreviations

x :

Analyte amount

B :

Blank measurement

y :

Standard measurement

S :

Corrected signal (net signal)

A :

Measure of particular sensitivity

s :

Standard deviation

s r :

Relative standard deviation

\( \overline{s} \) :

Mean standard deviation

\( {{\overline{s}}_{\mathrm{r}}} \) :

Mean relative standard deviation

AC:

Ratio between \( {{\overline{y}}_6} \) and \( {{\overline{B}}_6} \)

\( s_{{B\mathrm{w}}}^2 \) :

Dispersion of blanks within groups

\( s_{{B\mathrm{b}}}^2 \) :

Dispersion of blanks between groups

\( {{\overline{B}}_{\mathrm{N}}} \) :

Grand blank mean

s BN :

Total standard deviation of blank signals

s rBN :

Total relative standard deviation of blank signals

r 2 :

Determination coefficient

b :

Slope of a line

a :

Intercept of a line

s b :

Errors in the slope

s a :

Errors in the intercept

±C b :

Confidence limit for the slope

±C a :

Confidence limit for the intercept

V :

Constant of calibration function

V :

Constant of analytical evaluation function

s V :

Standard deviation of the constant V of calibration function

s V :

Standard deviation of the constant V of analytical evaluation function

s M :

Standard deviation of the analytical procedure

\( \widehat{S} \) :

Apparent signal values

\( \widehat{x} \) :

Apparent quantity of analyte

S * :

Outlying value in the set of signals

x * :

Outlying value in the set of analyte quantities

S D :

Limiting value for net signal

L D :

Limit of detection

L Q :

Limit of quantitation

\( \varDelta \overline{x} \) :

Difference between actual, x, and apparent, \( \widehat{x} \), values

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Acknowledgement

This research was funded by the Ministry of Science, Education and Sports of the Republic of Croatia (Number of the project: 006-0061117-1238).

Conflict of Interest

Maja Bival Štefan declares that she has no conflict of interest. Jadranka Vuković Rodríguez declares that she has no conflict of interest. Biljana Blažeković declares that she has no conflict of interest. Marija Kindl declares that she has no conflict of interest. Sanda Vladimir-Knežević declares that she has no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 20, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Maja Bival Štefan, Biljana Blažeković, Marija Kindl & Sanda Vladimir-Knežević

  2. Department of Analytics and Control of Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia

    Jadranka Vuković Rodríguez

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  1. Maja Bival Štefan
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  2. Jadranka Vuković Rodríguez
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  3. Biljana Blažeković
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  5. Sanda Vladimir-Knežević
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Correspondence to Jadranka Vuković Rodríguez.

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Štefan, M.B., Vuković Rodríguez, J., Blažeković, B. et al. Total Hydroxycinnamic Acids Assay: Prevalidation and Application on Lamiaceae Species. Food Anal. Methods 7, 326–336 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12161-013-9630-8

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