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Molecular Subtypes of Prostate Cancer

  • Genitourinary Cancers (DP Petrylak and JW Kim, Section Editors)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

This review will examine the taxonomy of PCa subclasses across disease states, explore the relationship among specific alterations, and highlight current clinical relevance.

Recent Findings

Prostate cancer (PCa) is driven by multiple genomic alterations, with distinct patterns and clinical implications. Alterations occurring early in the timeline of the disease define core subtypes of localized, treatment-naive PCa. With time, an increase in number and severity of genomic alterations adds molecular complexity and is associated with progression to metastasis. These later events are not random and are influenced by the underlying subclasses.

Summary

All the subclasses of localized disease initially respond to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT), but with progression to castrate-resistant PCa (CRPC), mechanisms of resistance against ADT shift the molecular landscape. In CRPC, resistance mechanisms largely define the biology and sub-classification of these cancers, while clinical relevance and opportunities for precision therapy are still being defined.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the individuals with prostate cancer and their families for their contributions. This work was supported by: US NCI (K08CA187417-01, C.E.B., P50CA211024-01, C.E.B., and R01CA215040-01, C.E.B.), Urology Care Foundation Rising Star in Urology Research Award (C.E.B.), and Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation MetLife Foundation Family Clinical Investigator Award (C.E.B.), and the Prostate Cancer Foundation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, Belfer Research Building, BRB 1452, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA

    Kaveri Arora & Christopher E. Barbieri

  2. Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA

    Kaveri Arora & Christopher E. Barbieri

  3. Englander Institute for Precision Medicine of Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA

    Christopher E. Barbieri

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  1. Kaveri Arora
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KA and CEB reviewed the relevant literature and wrote the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Christopher E. Barbieri.

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Kaveri Arora and Christopher E. Barbieri declare they have no conflict of interest.

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This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Genitourinary Cancers

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Arora, K., Barbieri, C.E. Molecular Subtypes of Prostate Cancer. Curr Oncol Rep 20, 58 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11912-018-0707-9

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