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Sesamin Increases Alpha-Linolenic Acid Conversion to Docosahexaenoic Acid in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Hepatocytes: Role of Altered Gene Expression

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Lipids

Abstract

In vitro cultivated Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.), hepatocytes were incubated without or with a mixture of sesamin and episesamin in order to test for possible effects on lipid metabolism. Sesamin/episesamin exposure (0.05 mM, final concentration) led to increased elongation and desaturation of 14C 18:3n-3 to docosahexaenoic acid (14C 22:6n-3, DHA, P < 0.01) and down regulated gene expression of Δ6 and Δ5 desaturases compared to control treatment. Sesamin/episesamin further increased the hepatocytes capacity for fatty acid β-oxidation of 14C 18:3n-3 (P < 0.01) to the 14C acid soluble products, acetate, malate and oxaloacetate, in agreement with an increased gene expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase I. Also the gene expression of cluster of differentiation 36 was upregulated and the expression of scavenger receptor type B, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ were downregulated. The amount of triacylglycerols secreted by the cells tended to be lower in the sesamin/episesamin incubated hepatocytes than the control cells. This study shows that sesamin has favourable effects on lipid metabolism leading to increased level of DHA, which may be of interest for aquaculture use.

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Abbreviations

ACO:

Acyl-CoA oxidase

ASP:

Acid soluble products

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

cd 36:

Cluster of differentiation 36

CPT1:

Carnitin palmitoyl transferase I

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3)

EDTA:

Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

EF1A:

Elongation factor 1α

EPA:

Eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3)

FAD:

Flavin-adenine-dinucleotide

FBS:

Fetal bovine serum

FFA:

Free fatty acids

HEPES:

Phenylethylamine and 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazineethanesulfonic acid

LCPUFA:

Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids

LDCF 2, 7:

Dichlorofluorescein

MG:

Monoglycerides

MUFA:

Monounsaturated fatty acids

PBS:

Phosphate buffer saline

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PL:

Phospholipids

PPAR:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors

PUFA:

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

RPL2 RNA:

Polymerase II polypeptide

SAFA:

Saturated fatty acids

SRB-I:

Scavenger receptor type B

SREBP-1:

Sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1

TAG:

Triacylglycerols

TLC:

Thin-layer chromatography

VLDL:

Very low-density lipoprotein

Δ5:

Δ5 Desaturase

Δ6:

Δ6 Desaturase

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed by the Swedish research councils, Vetenskapsrådet and FORMAS, and the European Union Structural Funding for Fisheries. The authors like to thank Inger Ø Kristiansen at A.S. Nofima for valuable and skillful technical assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Food Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7051, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden

    Sofia Trattner, V. Zlabek, A. Kamal-Eldin & J. Pickova

  2. Nofima AS, Ås, Norway

    B. Ruyter & T. K. Østbye

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical Bioscience, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    T. Gjøen

  4. Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia In Ceske Budejovice, Vodňany, Czech Republic

    V. Zlabek & J. Pickova

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  1. Sofia Trattner
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Correspondence to Sofia Trattner.

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Trattner, S., Ruyter, B., Østbye, T.K. et al. Sesamin Increases Alpha-Linolenic Acid Conversion to Docosahexaenoic Acid in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Hepatocytes: Role of Altered Gene Expression. Lipids 43, 999–1008 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-008-3229-7

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