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Effects of various nutritional supplements on biosurfactant production by a strain of Bacillus subtilis at 45°C

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Journal of Surfactants and Detergents

Abstract

Effects of various factors on growth and biosurfactant production by Bacillus subtilis MTCC 2423 were studied. Sucrose (2%) and potassium nitrate (0.3%) were the best carbon and nitrogen sources. The addition of various metal supplements (magnesium, calcium, iron, and trace elements) greatly affected growth and biosurfactant production. The effect of the metal cations, used together, is greater than when they are used individually. The biosurfactant production increased considerably (almost double) by addition of metal supplements. Very high concentrations of metal supplements, however, inhibited biosurfactant production. Amino acids such as aspartic acid, asparagine, glutamic acid, valine, and lysine increased the final yield of biosurfactant by about 60%. The organism could produce biosurfactant at 45°C and within the pH range of 4.5–10.5. The biosurfactant was thermostable and pH stable (from 4.0 to 12.0). The capability of the organism to produce biosurfactant under thermophilic, alkaliphilic, and halophilic conditions makes it a suitable candidate for field applications. Infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance, and mass spectroscopy studies showed the surfactant to be identical to surfactin.

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  1. R. S. Makkar

    Present address: Dept. Civil and Materials Eng., Engineering Research Facility, University of Illinois, 842 West Taylor St., 60607-7023, Chicago, IL

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  1. Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39-A, 160036, Chandigarh, India

    R. S. Makkar & S. S. Cameotra

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Correspondence to S. S. Cameotra.

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Makkar, R.S., Cameotra, S.S. Effects of various nutritional supplements on biosurfactant production by a strain of Bacillus subtilis at 45°C. J Surfact Deterg 5, 11–17 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-002-0199-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11743-002-0199-8

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