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Comparison of ultrastructural and physiological changes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlets subjected to salt and modeling drought stresses

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Abstract

Salinity and drought are two severe abiotic stresses that affect plant growth and decrease food production worldwide. Compared to the field plants, test-tube plantlets could be more direct and fast to investigate the mechanism of stress adaptation. In the present study, the ultrastructural and physiological differences of potato (Solanum tuberosum L. c.v. “Longshu No. 3”) plantlets in response to the gradient saline (0, 25, 50, 100, and 200 mM NaCl) and the modeling drought stresses with polyethylene glycol (PEG) at the concentrations of 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 % were analyzed. The results show that the severe salt (200 mM NaCl) and the modeling drought stresses (8 % PEG) inhibited the plantlet growth. There are considerable differences in their ultrastructural alteration under salt and modeling drought adaptation: PEG caused the increase in the number of stacked chloroplast, plastoglobuli, and starch; NaCl induced the decrease in the number of chloroplast and plastoglobuli. Moreover, plantlet has higher free proline content, less malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and higher activities of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) under the gradient NaCl treatments than the gradient PEG treatments. The results of this study will provide theoretical and practical insights into characterizing the ultrastructural and physiological differences of plants adapting to various stressful environments.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (IRT13019), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31222053 and 31460369) and the International Science and Technology Cooperation Program of China (2014DFG31570).

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  1. Gansu Key Laboratories of Crop Genetic and Germplasm Enhancement and Arid Land Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, 1 Yingmen Village, Anning District, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China

    Jiang-** Bai, Hui-Juan Gao, Hong-Yu Yang, Yan Lou, Jun-Lian Zhang & Di Wang

  2. State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, 768 West Jiayuguan Road, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, 730020, Gansu, China

    Hui-Juan Gao & **-Lin Zhang

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  1. Jiang-** Bai
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  2. Hui-Juan Gao
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  4. Yan Lou
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  5. Jun-Lian Zhang
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Correspondence to Jiang-** Bai or **-Lin Zhang.

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Bai, JP., Gao, HJ., Yang, HY. et al. Comparison of ultrastructural and physiological changes of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) plantlets subjected to salt and modeling drought stresses. Acta Physiol Plant 38, 182 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11738-016-2202-y

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