SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of Wear Test Parameters on the Electrical Contact Performance of Brass Alloy/Copper Contactors Under Fretting Wear

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fretting of mated electronic connectors may be due to extreme increase in contact resistance. We present a detailed analysis of contact resistance by fretting experiments using brass alloys/copper contact pairs. The relationship between wear mechanisms and contact resistance was determined. The influence of fundamental factors such as normal load, displacement amplitude, and current on contact resistance change was also evaluated. It was found out that displacement amplitude, normal load, and current are important parameters for infinite lifetime or stable electrical resistance during fretting condition. Influence of displacement amplitude on the electrical contact performance might be affected by wear debris in the contact area. Electric contact performance could be improved by increasing the power current, which could break down the thick oxide film formed. The predicted working lifetime and reliability requirements of the connector were determined to optimize and extend the service life under the working condition.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price includes VAT (Germany)

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. H. Chang, C.H. Pitt, and G.B. Alexander, Novel Method for Preparation of Silver-Tin Oxide Electrical Contacts, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 1992, 1, p 255–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J.W. Mcbride, The Relationship Between Surface Wear and Contact Resistance During the Fretting of in vivo Electrical Contacts, IEEE Trans. Compon. Packag. Technol., 2008, 31, p 592–600

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Z. Wei, L. Zhang, and T. Shen, Effects of Oxide-Modified Spherical ZnO on Electrical Properties of Ag/ZnO Electrical Contact Material, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2016, 134, p 1–10

    Google Scholar 

  4. L. Kogut and K. Komvopoulos, Electrical Contact Resistance Theory for Conductive Rough Surfaces, J. Appl. Phys., 2003, 94, p 3153–3162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. J. Hu, K. Zhang, and Q. Yang, Fretting Behaviors of Interface Between CFRP and Coated Titanium Alloy in Composite Interference-Fit Joints Under Service Condition, Mater. Des., 2017, 134, p 91–102

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Z. Kong and J. Swingler, Combined Effects of Fretting and Pollutant Particles on the Contact Resistance of the Electrical Connectors, Prog. Nat. Sci. Mater. Int., 2017, 27, p 385–390

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. S. Sett, K. Das, and A.K. Raychaudhuri, Investigation of Factors Affecting Electrical Contacts on Single Germanium Nanowires, J. Appl. Phys., 2017, 121, p 124503

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Z. Kong, R. Huang, and L. Xu, in International Conference on Electrical Contacts. IET. Investigation of electrical properties and morphology of several contact materials after cyclic damp-heat and sliding, 2012, p 426–429

  9. H. Sun, Q. Zhou, and J. Zhu, Analysis on the Fracture of Al-Cu Dissimilar Materials Friction Stir Welding Lap Joint, j. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2017, 26, p 1–8

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J. Chen, F. Yang, and K. Luo, Experimental Investigation on the Electrical Contact Behavior of Rolling Contact Connector, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2015, 86, p 125110

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. G. Li, X. Fang, and W. Feng, In situ Formation and Do** of Ag/SnO2 Electrical Contact Materials, J. Alloy. Compd., 2017, 716, p 106–111

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. B.D. Jensen, L.W. Chow, and K. Huang, Effect of Nanoscale Heating on Electrical Transport in RF MEMS Switch Contacts, J. Microelectromech. Syst., 2005, 14, p 935–946

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. H. Yu, M.T. Kesim, and Y. Sun, Extended Aging of Ag/W Circuit Breaker Contacts: Influence on Surface Structure, Electrical Properties, and UL Testing Performance, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2016, 25, p 91–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. E. Larsson, A.M. Andersson, and Å.K. Rudolphi, Grease Lubricated Fretting of Silver Coated Copper Electrical Contacts, Wear, 2017, 376, p 634–642

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. E. Mengotti, L.I. Duarte, and J. Pippola, Fretting Corrosion: Analysis of the Failure Mechanism for Low Voltage Drives Applications, Microelectron. Reliab., 2014, 54, p 2109–2114

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. X.L. Liu, Z.B. Cai, S.B. Liu et al., Effect of Roughness on Electrical Contact Performance of Electronic Components, Microelectron. Reliab., 2017, 74, p 100–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. M. Rashid, Some Tribological Influences on the Electrode-Worksheet Interface During Resistance Spot Welding of Aluminum Alloys, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2011, 20, p 456–462

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Neijzen and J. Glashorster, Fretting Corrosion of Tin-Coated Electrical Contacts, IEEE Trans. Compon. Hybrids Manuf. Technol., 1987, 10, p 68–74

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. T. Liskiewicz, A. Neville, and S. Achanta, in IEEE Holm Conference on Proceedings of the Fifty-Second. IEEE. Impact of corrosion on fretting damage of electrical contacts, Electrical contacts-2006, 2006, p 257–262.

  20. R. Ramesh and R. Gnanamoorthy, Artificial Neural Network Prediction of Fretting Wear Behavior of Structural Steel, En 24 Against Bearing Steel, En 31, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2007, 16, p 703–709

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. H.J. Noh, J.W. Kim, and S.M. Lee, Effect of Grain Size on the Electrical Failure of Copper Contacts in Fretting Motion, Tribol. Int., 2017, 111, p 39–45

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. V. Deeva and S. Slobodyan, Influence of Gravity and Thermodynamics on the Sliding Electrical Contact, Tribol. Int., 2017, 105, p 299–303

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. J. Xu and K. Li, The Research on Resistance of Electrical Contact, Electr. Eng. Mater., 2011, 1, p 003

    Google Scholar 

  24. K. Mashimo, and Y. Ishimaru, in 2011 IEEE 57th Holm Conference on Electrical Contacts (Holm). Computational modeling and analysis of a contact pair for the prediction of fretting dependent electrical contact resistance. 2011, p. 1–6.

  25. J. Yifu, K. Weicheng, and S. Tianyuan, Effect of Load on Friction-Wear Behavior of HVOF-Sprayed WC-12Co Coatings, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2017, 26, p 3465–3473

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. K.S. Weil, High-Temperature Electrical Testing of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Cathode Contact Material, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2004, 13, p 309–315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Tan, X. Wang, and Y. Hao, Novel Ag Nanowire Array with High Electrical Conductivity and Fast Heat Transfer Behavior as the Electrode for Film Devices, J. Alloy. Compd., 2017, 701, p 49–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. D.D.L. Chung, Electrical Conduction Behavior of Cement-Matrix Composites, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2002, 11, p 194–204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. K. Krishnaveni, T.S.N.S. Narayanan, and S.K. Seshadri, Electrodeposited Ni–B Coatings: Formation and Evaluation of Hardness and Wear Resistance, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2006, 99, p 300–308

    Google Scholar 

  30. Z. Wei, L. Zhang, and T. Shen, Effects of Oxide-Modified Spherical ZnO on Electrical Properties of Ag/ZnO Electrical Contact Material, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2016, 25, p 3662–3671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. X.Q. Wei, B.Y. Man, and M. Liu, Blue Luminescent Centers and Microstructural Evaluation by XPS and Raman in ZnO Thin Films Annealed in Vacuum, N2, and O2, Phys. B Phys. Condens. Matter., 2007, 388, p 145–152

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. G.D. Khattak, A. Mekki, and M.A. Gondal, Effect of Laser Irradiation on the Structure and Valence States of Copper in Cu-Phosphate Glass by XPS Studies, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2010, 256, p 3630–3635

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. J.P. Espinós, J. Morales, and A. Barranco, Interface Effects for Cu, CuO, and Cu2O Deposited on SiO2 and ZrO2 XPS Determination of the Valence State of Copper in Cu/SiO2 and Cu/ZrO2 Catalysts, J. Phys. Chem. B, 2002, 106, p 6921–6929

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Y.K. Hsu, Y.C. Chen, and Y.G. Lin, Characteristics and Electrochemical Performances of Lotus-Like CuO/Cu(OH) 2, Hybrid Material Electrodes, J. Electroanal. Chem., 2012, 673, p 43–47

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. S. Anandan, G.J. Lee, and J.J. Wu, Sonochemical Synthesis of CuO Nanostructures with Different Morphology, Ultrason. Sonochem., 2012, 19, p 682–686

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. J. Xu, Y. Chang, and Y. Zhang, Effect of Silver Ions on the Structure of ZnO and Photocatalytic Performance of Ag/ZnO Composites, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2008, 255, p 1996–1999

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. W. Yang, Z. Liu, and D.L. Peng, Room-Temperature Deposition of Transparent Conducting Al-Doped ZnO Films by RF Magnetron Sputtering Method, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2009, 255, p 5669–5673

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. R. Al-Gaashani, S. Radiman, and A.R. Daud, XPS and Optical Studies of Different Morphologies of ZnO Nanostructures Prepared by Microwave Methods, Ceram. Int., 2013, 39, p 2283–2292

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. M. Chen, X. Wang, and Y.H. Yu, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Auger Electron Spectroscopy Studies of Al-Doped ZnO Films, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2000, 158, p 134–140

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. G. Ballerini, K. Ogle, and M.G. Barthés-Labrousse, The Acid-Base Properties of the Surface of Native Zinc Oxide Layers: an XPS Study of Adsorption of 1,2-Diaminoethane, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2007, 253, p 6860–6867

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Contract numbers (U1534209, 51575459, U1530136, 51627806), supported by Young Scientific Innovation Team of Science and Technology of Sichuan (No. 2017TD0017).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tribology Research Institute, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China

    **nlong Liu, Zhenbing Cai, Shanbang Liu, Songbo Wu & Minhao Zhu

  2. The State Key Laboratory of Heavy Duty AC Drive Electric Locomotive Systems Integration, Zhuzhou, 412001, China

    Zhenbing Cai

Authors
  1. **nlong Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zhenbing Cai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Shanbang Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Songbo Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Minhao Zhu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Zhenbing Cai or Minhao Zhu.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Liu, X., Cai, Z., Liu, S. et al. Influence of Wear Test Parameters on the Electrical Contact Performance of Brass Alloy/Copper Contactors Under Fretting Wear. J. of Materi Eng and Perform 28, 817–827 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3821-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-018-3821-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation