Abstract
The temperature above which neither stress nor plastic strain can cause austenite to transform to martensite is determined for 304 austenitic stainless steel by X-ray diffraction measurements on specimens that were previously subjected to isothermal tension tests. The specimens were tested at 273 K, 298 K, 308 K, 333 K, and 373 K (0 °C, 25 °C, 35 °C, 60 °C, and 100 °C). A new isothermal testing technique was used not only for controlling the testing temperature but also for averting deformation-induced heating. Hence, the effect of temperature on the strain-induced martensite is decoupled from that of strain. The diffraction measurements reveal that the martensite volume fraction decreases linearly with the testing temperature up to a critical temperature, which is found by linearly extrapolating to zero martensite volume fraction.
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Acknowledgments
The help of Prof. J. Krzanowski and the graduate student Graham Cullen during this work is acknowledged with thanks, as is the support of the U.S. National Science Foundation through Grant CMMI-1031169.
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Manuscript submitted February 1, 2014.
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Moser, N.H., Gross, T.S. & Korkolis, Y.P. Martensite Formation in Conventional and Isothermal Tension of 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel Measured by X-ray Diffraction. Metall Mater Trans A 45, 4891–4896 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2422-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11661-014-2422-y