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Bone health status of premenopausal healthy adult females in Pakistani females

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Abstract

Summary

Bone health status in healthy premenopausal females was assessed. We found high bone turnover in 36.8 % and vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in 82.8 and 16.1 %, respectively, and secondary hyperparathyroidism in 25.9 % of the subjects. This is alarming as there is inability to achieve peak bone mass and predisposes to osteoporosis risk.

Purpose

This study aimed to assess bone health status in healthy females by using biochemical markers of bone metabolism in blood [N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), and plasma intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH)].

Material and methods

One hundred and seventy-four healthy premenopausal female volunteers were recruited from an urban residential area in Karachi. Demographic details were collected on a preformed questionnaire. Blood samples for the estimation of serum NTx, 25OHD, and plasma iPTH were taken in a fasting state. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences 16.0. A p value of <0.05 was considered as significant.

Results

High bone turnover, as depicted by NTx, was seen in 36.8 % cases. Vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency were seen in 82.8, 16.1, and 1.1 % respectively. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was present in 25.9 % of the subjects, while others had blunted PTH response. Significant correlates of bone health were serum 25OHD levels, duration of sun exposure, and the practice of wearing veil (p value < 0.001).

Conclusion

Bone turnover is high with high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in apparently healthy premenopausal females predisposing them to higher risk for development of osteoporosis.

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Acknowledgments

This research was funded by the URC (URC project ID # 072016P&M) and resident seed money program for research development (2007) from the Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Aga Khan University.

Conflict of interest

None.

Other disclosures

This paper is a part of dissertation approved and accepted on 26 June 2010 by Research Training and Monitoring Cell, College of Physicians and Surgeons Pakistan for Fellowship of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in the field of Chemical Pathology by Dr. Farhan Javed Dar. The dissertation/project was supervised by Dr. Aysha Habib Khan. The abstract was accepted for oral presentation at 4th National Conference, Pakistan Society of Chemical Pathologist, held at Allama Iqbal College, Lahore on 25–26 February 2011 and as a poster in American Society of Bone and Mineral Research annual meeting 2010, Toronto, Canada on 15–19 October 2010 (SA0349). Preliminary data of this project on 78 subjects were presented at 32nd Annual Conference, Pakistan Association of Pathologists held at Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad, Pakistan on 24–26 October 2008, and also in Health Research Assembly 2008, Aga Khan University Karachi on 19 December 2008.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan

    Farhan Javed Dar, Farooq Ghani, Imran Siddiqui & Aysha Habib Khan

  2. Department of Community Health Sciences and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan

    Romaina Iqbal

  3. Department of Pathology & Microbiology and Medicine, Aga Khan University, Stadium Road, Karachi, Pakistan

    Aysha Habib Khan

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  1. Farhan Javed Dar
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Correspondence to Aysha Habib Khan.

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Dar, F.J., Iqbal, R., Ghani, F. et al. Bone health status of premenopausal healthy adult females in Pakistani females. Arch Osteoporos 7, 93–99 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11657-012-0085-0

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