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Anatomophysiology of the Pharyngo-Upper Esophageal Area in Light of High-Resolution Manometry

  • 2012 SSAT Quick Shot Presentation
  • Published:
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery

Abstract

Introduction

The motility of the pharynx, upper esophageal sphincter (UES), and proximal esophagus is still poorly understood. These structures have anatomical and functional peculiarities that hinder the accurate study of their motility with the technology traditionally available. High-resolution manometry (HRM) has characteristics that make it more suitable for the study of the upper digestive tract. This study aims to evaluate in healthy volunteers, using HRM and transnasal pharyngoscopy, (1) the correlation between anatomical landmarks and HRM plots and (2) the normal values for manometric parameters of the pharynx, UES, and proximal esophagus.

Methods

We studied 40 asymptomatic volunteers with HRM (50 % male; median age, 27 years). Fourteen of those also underwent transnasal pharyngoscopy.

Results and discussion

Pharyngeal peak pressure, rise time, recovery time, and duration of contraction were 128 mmHg (range, 100–164 mmHg), 197 ms (range, 169–268 ms), 385 ms (range, 285–465 ms), and 604 ms (range, 544–626 ms) at the velum and 116 mmHg (range, 97–139 mmHg), 128 ms (range, 100–156 ms), 194 ms (range, 148–219 ms), and 336 ms (range, 267–386 ms) at the epiglottis, respectively. UES extension, basal pressure, residual pressure, and duration of relaxation were 3 cm (range, 2.6–3.6 cm), 76 mmHg (range, 58–109 mmHg), 4.4 mmHg (range, 1.2–6.9 mmHg), and 678 ms (range, 636–757 ms), respectively. In the proximal esophagus, wave amplitudes at 2, 4, and 6 cm below the UES were 72 mmHg (range, 53–97 mmHg), 56 mmHg (range, 42–76 mmHg), and 48 mmHg (range, 35–59 mmHg), respectively.

Conclusions

In conclusion, normal values were established. These values may prove clinically useful and could contribute to future studies with dysphagic patients.

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Acknowledgments

Dr. Luciana C. Silva was funded by a governmental funding agency, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.

Conflict of Interest

There is no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Luciana C. Silva, Fernando A. M. Herbella, Fernando P. P. Vicentine & Sebastião P. Neto

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Luciano R. Neves

  3. Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Marco G. Patti

  4. Surgical Gastroenterology, Division of Esophagus and Stomach, Hospital São Paulo, Rua Diogo de Faria 1087 cj 301, São Paulo, SP, 04037-003, Brazil

    Fernando A. M. Herbella

Authors
  1. Luciana C. Silva
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  2. Fernando A. M. Herbella
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  3. Luciano R. Neves
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  4. Fernando P. P. Vicentine
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  5. Sebastião P. Neto
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Correspondence to Fernando A. M. Herbella.

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Silva, L.C., Herbella, F.A.M., Neves, L.R. et al. Anatomophysiology of the Pharyngo-Upper Esophageal Area in Light of High-Resolution Manometry. J Gastrointest Surg 17, 2033–2038 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-013-2358-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-013-2358-3

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