Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to explore the impact of different acquisition times on the evaluation of liver function levels in chronic hepatitis B using Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 positioning technology under 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
Methods
A total of 146 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) were classified into four groups as follows: chronic hepatitis B without liver cirrhosis (CH, 22 cases), liver cirrhosis with Child–Pugh classification A (LCA 63 cases), Child–Pugh B (LCB 47 cases) and Child–Pugh C (LCC 14 cases). Normal liver function (NLF) group was composed of 23 persons who had healthy liver and no medical histories of hepatitis. T1 map** images were performed before and after administration of Gd-EOB-DPTA using Look-Locker sequence. Changes in T1 relaxation time (T1rt), the reduction rate of T1 relaxation time (ΔT1) and the increase in T1 relaxation rate (ΔR1) of liver over time (at 5, 10, 15 and 20 min) were investigated and compared among all five groups using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (r) was used to show the correlations of these parameters in different liver function groups.
Results
In the NLF, CH, LCA and LCB groups, postT1 gradually decreased, while the ΔT1 and ΔR1 gradually increased with time. The parameters were compared between different liver function levels at the same time point, and the differences were statistically significant except for NLF-CH, NLF-LCA and CH-LCA. There was no significant difference in the area under the ROC curve of other parameters at 10, 15 and 20 min. At each time point, no correlation was found between preT1rt and the degrees of liver function. PostT1rt was positively correlated with liver function classification, while ΔT1 and ΔR1 were negatively correlated with liver function classification.
Conclusion
Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 map** magnetic resonance imaging is beneficial to assess liver function. Using the Gd-EOB-DTPA to enhance T1 map** imaging to assess liver function can shorten the observation time of the hepatobiliary period and 10 min after enhancement may be the best time point.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11547-021-01382-4/MediaObjects/11547_2021_1382_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11547-021-01382-4/MediaObjects/11547_2021_1382_Fig2_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11547-021-01382-4/MediaObjects/11547_2021_1382_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11547-021-01382-4/MediaObjects/11547_2021_1382_Fig4_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11547-021-01382-4/MediaObjects/11547_2021_1382_Fig5_HTML.jpg)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs11547-021-01382-4/MediaObjects/11547_2021_1382_Fig6_HTML.jpg)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Henninger B, Kremser C, Rauch S et al (2012) Evaluation of mr imaging with t1 and t2* map** for the determination of hepatic iron overload. Eur Radiol 22:2478. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-012-2506-2
Haimerl M, Verloh N, Zeman F et al (2013) Assessment of clinical signs of liver cirrhosis using t1 map** on gd-eob-dtpa-enhanced 3t mri. PLoS ONE 8:e85658. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085658
Cui Y, Jia J (2013) Update on epidemiology of hepatitis b and c in china. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgh.12220
Yamada A, Hara T, Li F et al (2011) Quantitative evaluation of liver function with use of gadoxetate disodium-enhanced mr imaging. Radiology 260:727. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.11100586
Ba-Ssalamah A, Uffmann M, Saini S et al (2009) Clinical value of mri liver-specific contrast agents: a tailored examination for a confident non-invasive diagnosis of focal liver lesions. Eur Radiol 19:342. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-008-1172-x
Katsube T, Okada M, Kumano S et al (2011) Estimation of liver function using t1 map** on gd-eob-dtpa-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Investig Radiol 46:277. https://doi.org/10.1097/RLI.0b013e318200f67d
Besa C, Bane O, Jajamovich G et al (2015) 3d t1 relaxometry pre and post gadoxetic acid injection for the assessment of liver cirrhosis and liver function. Magn Reson Imaging 33:1075. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2015.06.013
Messroghli DR, Radjenovic A, Kozerke S et al (2004) Modified look-locker inversion recovery (molli) for high-resolution t1 map** of the heart. Magn Reson Med 52:141. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.20110
Matsushima S, Sato Y, Yamaura H et al (2014) Visualization of liver uptake function using the uptake contrast-enhanced ratio in hepatobiliary phase imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 32:654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mri.2014.02.017
Materne R, Smith AM, Peeters F et al (2002) Assessment of hepatic perfusion parameters with dynamic mri. Magn Reson Med 47:135
Ding Y, Rao SX, Zhu T et al (2015) Liver fibrosis staging using t1 map** on gadoxetic acid-enhanced mri compared with dw imaging. Clin Radiol 70:1096. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crad.2015.04.014
Ding Y, Rao S-X, Meng T et al (2014) Usefulness of t1 map** on gd-eob-dtpa-enhanced mr imaging in assessment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Eur Radiol 24:959. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-014-3096-y
Li W, Griswold M, Yu X (2010) Rapid t1 map** of mouse myocardium with saturation recovery look-locker method. Magn Reson Med 64:1296. https://doi.org/10.1002/mrm.22544
Liberman G, Louzoun Y, Ben BD (2014) T1 map** using variable flip angle spgr data with flip angle correction. J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 40:171. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.24373
Ba-Ssalamah A, Bastati N, Wibmer A et al (2017) Hepatic gadoxetic acid uptake as a measure of diffuse liver disease: Where are we? J Magn Reson Imaging JMRI 45:646. https://doi.org/10.1002/jmri.25518
Tsuda N, Harada K, Matsui O (2011) Effect of change in transporter expression on gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging during hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 26:568. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1746.2010.06494.x
Cruite I, Schroeder M, Merkle EM et al (2010) Gadoxetate disodium-enhanced mri of the liver: part 2, protocol optimization and lesion appearance in the cirrhotic liver. AJR Am J Roentgenol 195:29. https://doi.org/10.2214/AJR.10.4538
Tsuda N, Matsui O (2010) Cirrhotic rat liver: Reference to transporter activity and morphologic changes in bile canaliculi—gadoxetic acid-enhanced mr imaging. Radiology 256:767. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.10092065
Zhou Z-P, Long L-L, Qiu W-J et al (2017) Comparison of 10- and 20-min hepatobiliary phase images on gd-eob-dtpa-enhanced mri t1 map** for liver function assessment in clinic. Abdom Radiol (N Y) 42:2272. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00261-017-1143-2
Yoon JH, Lee JM, Kim E et al (2017) Quantitative liver function analysis: volumetric t1 map** with fast multisection b inhomogeneity correction in hepatocyte-specific contrast-enhanced liver mr imaging. Radiology 282:408. https://doi.org/10.1148/radiol.2016152800
Poon RT, Fan ST (2005) Assessment of hepatic reserve for indication of hepatic resection: how i do it. J Hepato-Biliary-Pancreat Surg 12:31
Acknowledgements
This work was financed by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81701684, 82071915), the Science and Technology Foundation from Health and Family Planning commission of Guangdong Province, China (No. B2019167), the Science and Technology Projects of Nantong City (MS22015073).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest regarding this manuscript.
Ethical standards
All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later versions.
Informed consent
Informed consent to be included in the study was obtained from all patients.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Li, J., Cao, B., Bi, X. et al. Evaluation of liver function in patients with chronic hepatitis B using Gd-EOB-DTPA-enhanced T1 map** at different acquisition time points: a feasibility study. Radiol med 126, 1149–1158 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-021-01382-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11547-021-01382-4