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Centrifuge shaking table tests on 4 × 4 pile groups in liquefiable ground

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Abstract

A series of centrifuge shaking table model tests are conducted on 4 × 4 pile groups in liquefiable ground in this study, achieving horizontal–vertical bidirectional shaking in centrifuge tests on piles for the first time. The dynamic distribution of forces on piles within the pile groups is analysed, showing the internal piles to be subjected to greater bending moment compared with external piles, the mechanism of which is discussed. The roles of superstructure–pile inertial interaction and soil–pile kinematic interaction in the seismic response of the piles within the pile groups are investigated through cross-correlation analysis between pile bending moment, soil displacement, and structure acceleration time histories and by comparing the test results on pile groups with and without superstructures. Soil–pile kinematic interaction is shown to have a dominant effect on the seismic response of pile groups in liquefiable ground. Comparison of the pile response in two tests with and without vertical input ground motion shows that the vertical ground motion does not significantly influence the pile bending moment in liquefiable ground, as the dynamic vertical total stress increment is mainly carried by the excess pore water pressure. The influence of previous liquefaction history during a sequence of seismic events is also analysed, suggesting that liquefaction history could in certain cases lead to an increase in liquefaction susceptibility of sand and also an increase in dynamic forces on the piles.

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Acknowledgements

The work in this paper was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51708332 and 51678346) and the State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Project (2018-KY-04). Dr. X. D. Zhang, Dr. Z. T. Zhang, J. H. Liang, X. H. Song, J. M. Wu, and S. H. **ng at the Centrifuge Modelling Lab in Institute of Geotechnical Engineering provided assistance with the centrifuge shaking table tests.

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  1. Department of Hydraulic Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Bei**g, 100084, China

    **ng Liu, Rui Wang & Jian-Min Zhang

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  1. **ng Liu
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Correspondence to Rui Wang.

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Liu, X., Wang, R. & Zhang, JM. Centrifuge shaking table tests on 4 × 4 pile groups in liquefiable ground. Acta Geotech. 13, 1405–1418 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11440-018-0699-5

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