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RES transformation for biosynthesis and detoxification

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Abstract

The reactive electrophilic species (RES), typically the molecules bearing α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group, are widespread in living organisms and notoriously known for their damaging effects. Many of the mycotoxins released from phytopathogenic fungi are RES and their contamination to cereals threatens food safety worldwide. However, due to their high reactivity, RES are also used by host organisms to synthesize specific metabolites. The evolutionary conserved glyoxalase (GLX) system scavenges the cytotoxic α-oxoaldehydes that bear RES groups, which cause host disorders and diseases. In cotton, a specialized enzyme derived from glyoxalase I (GLXI) through gene duplications and named as specialized GLXI (SPG), acts as a distinct type of aromatase in the gossypol pathway to transform the RES intermediates into the phenolic products. In this review, we briefly introduce the research progress in understanding the RES, especially the RES-type mycotoxins, the GLX system and SPG, and discuss their application potential in detoxification and synthetic biology.

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Acknowledgements

We acknowledge the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31690092, 31788103 to X. Chen and 31872666 to X. Fang), the Ministry of Agriculture of China (2016ZX08010002-005 to X. Shangguan), the Chinese Academy of Sciences (QYZDY-SSW-SMC026 and 153D31KYSB20160074 to X. Chen) and the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by CAST (2019QNRC001).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, University of CAS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China

    **-Quan Huang, Jia-Ling Lin, **ao-**ang Guo, **u Tian, **ao-**a Shangguan, Ling-Jian Wang & **ao-Ya Chen

  2. School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 200031, China

    Jia-Ling Lin & **ao-Ya Chen

  3. SIBS-UGENT-SJTU Joint Laboratory of Mycotoxin Research, CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China

    Ye Tian

  4. State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China

    **n Fang

  5. Shanghai Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201602, China

    **ao-Ya Chen

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  1. **-Quan Huang
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Huang, JQ., Lin, JL., Guo, XX. et al. RES transformation for biosynthesis and detoxification. Sci. China Life Sci. 63, 1297–1302 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11427-020-1729-5

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