Abstract
Municipal solid waste incineration fly ash (MSWIFA) is considered as a hazardous solid waste because of the high mobility of heavy metals. In this study, the removal of heavy metals in MSWIFA using lactic acid fermentation broth (LAFB) under various leaching protocols (i.e. LAFB addition amount and timing) was investigated. Results revealed that compared with that in pure lactic acid solution, the synergistic effect of various substances in LAFB was more favourable to the dissolution of heavy metals. Although the content of acid-soluble heavy metals in MSWIFA decreased after leaching with LAFB, the leaching toxicity measured by acetic acid buffer solution method increased to varying degrees (except that of Cr). Moreover, the maximum leaching concentration of Pb was 14.1 mg/L (standard limit, 0.25 mg/L), which was not conducive to the landfill treatment of MSWIFA. However, if the LAFB-treated MSWIFA was used in cement kiln for co-disposal, the amount of MSWIFA entering the kiln was 6.0 percentage points higher than that in pure water leaching. Therefore, LAFB leaching instead of water leaching is expected to be an effective pre-treatment method for the utilisation of MSWIFA.
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The study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2018YFC1900103), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51778052) and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFE0127800). The support from Sino-US-Japan Joint Laboratory on Organic Solid Waste Resource and Energy Technology of USTB is appreciated.
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XW and MG were major contributors in the experiment design, data analysis and interpretation, and the manuscript writing. MW played an important role on the experimental verification and data visualisation. CW analysed the data and proofread the manuscript. QW was involved in revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual content. YW supervised and reviewed the full manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Wang, X., Gao, M., Wang, M. et al. Removal of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration fly ash using lactic acid fermentation broth. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 62716–62725 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14948-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14948-6