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Phytoremediation potential and control of Phragmites australis as a green phytomass: an overview

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Abstract

Phragmites australis (common reed) is one of the most extensively distributed emergent plant species in the world. This plant has been used for phytoremediation of different types of wastewater, soil, and sediments since the 1970s. Published research confirms that P. australis is a great accumulator for different types of nutrients and heavy metals than other aquatic plants. Therefore, a comprehensive review is needed to have a better understanding of the suitability of this plant for removal of different types of nutrients and heavy metals. This review investigates the existing literature on the removal of nutrients and heavy metals from wastewater, soil, and sediment using P. australis. In addition, after phytoremediation, P. australis has the potential to be used for additional benefits such as the production of bioenergy and animal feedstock due to its specific characteristics. Determination of adaptive strategies is vital to reduce the invasive growth of P. australis in the environment and its economic effects. Future research is suggested to better understand the plant’s physiology and biochemistry for increasing its pollutant removal efficiency.

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Acknowledgments

The authors also appreciate the help of Dr. Dale Rachmeler (International Development Specialist Oakland, California) for improving the language of the manuscript.

Funding

This research is supported by a grant (2016R1D1A1A02937267) provided by the Korean National Research Foundation (KNRF) which is part of project individual basic science and engineering research program (SGER).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea

    Shahabaldin Rezania, Junboum Park, **n Xu & Rahim Shahrokhishahraki

  2. Biofuel Institute, School of Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China

    Parveen Fatemeh Rupani

  3. School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand

    Negisa Darajeh

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  1. Shahabaldin Rezania
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  2. Junboum Park
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  3. Parveen Fatemeh Rupani
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  4. Negisa Darajeh
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  5. **n Xu
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  6. Rahim Shahrokhishahraki
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Correspondence to Shahabaldin Rezania or Junboum Park.

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Rezania, S., Park, J., Rupani, P.F. et al. Phytoremediation potential and control of Phragmites australis as a green phytomass: an overview. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 7428–7441 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04300-4

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