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Metal-resistant rhizobacteria isolates improve Mucuna deeringiana phytoextraction capacity in multi-metal contaminated soils from a gold mining area

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Abstract

Phytoremediation consists of biological techniques for heavy metal remediation, which include exploring the genetic package of vegetable species to remove heavy metals from the environment. The goals of this study were to investigate heavy metal and bioaugmentation effects on growth and nutrient uptake by Mucuna deeringiana; to determine the metal translocation factor and bioconcentration factor and provide insight for using native bacteria to enhance heavy metal accumulation. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions using a 2 × 4 factorial scheme with highly and slightly contaminated soil samples and inoculating M. deeringiana with three highly lead (Pb+2)-resistant bacteria Kluyvera intermedia (Ki), Klebsiella oxytoca (Ko), and Citrobacter murliniae (Cm) isolated from the rhizosphere of native plants identified as Senecio brasiliensis (Spreng.) Less., Senecio leptolobus DC., and Baccharis trimera (Less) DC., respectively. The increased heavy metal concentrations in soil samples do not decrease the root dry mass of M. deeringiana, concerning the number and dry weight of nodules. The shoot dry mass is reduced by the increasing concentration of heavy metals in soil associated with Kluyvera intermedia and Klebsiella oxytoca bacteria. The number of nodules is affected by heavy metals associated with Citrobacter murliniae bacteria. The bacteria K. intermedia, C. murliniae, and K. oxytoca increase the lead and cadmium available in the soil and enhanced metal uptake by Mucuna deeringiana. The M. deeringiana specie has characteristics that make it hyperaccumulate copper and zinc. The translocation and bioconcentration factors for M. deeringiana characterize it as a promising candidate to phytostabilize multi-metal contaminated soils.

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Acknowledgments

This research received funding from the Brazilian National Research and Development Council (CNPq-Brazil) and the authors would like to thank for a doctor scholarship of the first author.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cinobelina Elvas, Agronomy Department, Federal University of Piauí, BR 135, km 3, Planalto Horizonte, Bom Jesus, PI, Brazil

    Cácio Luiz Boechat

  2. Soil Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil

    Patricia Giovanella, Enilson Luiz Saccol de Sá & Flávio Anastácio de Oliveira Camargo

  3. Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste, RO, Brazil

    Magno Batista Amorim

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  1. Cácio Luiz Boechat
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  2. Patricia Giovanella
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  3. Magno Batista Amorim
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  4. Enilson Luiz Saccol de Sá
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  5. Flávio Anastácio de Oliveira Camargo
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Correspondence to Cácio Luiz Boechat.

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Resposible editor: Elena Maestri

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Boechat, C.L., Giovanella, P., Amorim, M.B. et al. Metal-resistant rhizobacteria isolates improve Mucuna deeringiana phytoextraction capacity in multi-metal contaminated soils from a gold mining area. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 3063–3073 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-8103-1

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