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Statistical analysis and isotherm study of uranium biosorption by Padina sp. algae biomass

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Abstract

Introduction

The application of response surface methodology is presented for optimizing the removal of U ions from aqueous solutions using Padina sp., a brown marine algal biomass.

Methods

Box–Wilson central composite design was employed to assess individual and interactive effects of the four main parameters (pH and initial uranium concentration in solutions, contact time and temperature) on uranium uptake.

Results and discussion

Response surface analysis showed that the data were adequately fitted to second-order polynomial model. Analysis of variance showed a high coefficient of determination value (R 2 = 0.9746) and satisfactory second-order regression model was derived.

Conclusion

The optimum pH and initial uranium concentration in solutions, contact time and temperature were found to be 4.07, 778.48 mg/l, 74.31 min, and 37.47°C, respectively. Maximized uranium uptake was predicted and experimentally validated. The equilibrium data for biosorption of U onto the Padina sp. were well represented by the Langmuir isotherm, giving maximum monolayer adsorption capacity as high as 376.73 mg/g.

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Abbreviations

b:

the Langmuir adsorption constant (l mg−1)

Ceq :

residual metal ion concentration at equilibrium (mg l−1)

C o :

initial metal ion concentration (mg l−1)

C t :

metal concentration after time t (mg l−1)

q eq :

adsorbed metal ion quantity per g of alga at equilibrium (mg g−1)

q exp :

observed U uptake (mg/g)

q pre :

predicted U uptake (mg/g)

q t :

adsorbed metal ion quantity per g of alga at any time (mg g−1)

q t,exp :

observed U uptake at any time (mg/g)

q t,pre :

predicted U uptake at any time (mg/g)

Q 0 :

the Langmuir adsorption constant (mg g−1)

Q eq :

adsorbed metal ion quantity per g of alga at equilibrium (mg g−1)

M :

amount of the biosorbent (g)

R 2 :

correlation coefficient

t :

time (min)

T :

solution temperature (°C)

v :

volume of the solution (l)

w :

algae concentration (g l−1)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Nuclear Fuel Cycle Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, P.O. Box 14395, 836, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Hassan Khani

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  1. Mohammad Hassan Khani
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Correspondence to Mohammad Hassan Khani.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Khani, M.H. Statistical analysis and isotherm study of uranium biosorption by Padina sp. algae biomass. Environ Sci Pollut Res 18, 790–799 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-010-0425-9

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