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Identification of the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (Spain) using SSR and morphological markers

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Abstract

Olive is one of the most ancient crop plants and the World Olive Germplasm Bank of Cordoba (WOGBC), Spain, is one of the world’s largest collections of olive germplasm. We used 33 SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers and 11 morphological characteristics of the endocarp to characterise, identify and authenticate 824 trees, representing 499 accessions from 21 countries of origin, from the WOGBC collection. The SSR markers exhibited high variability and information content. Of 332 cultivars identified in this study based on unique combinations of SSR genotypes and endocarp morphologies, 200 were authenticated by genotypic and morphological markers matches with authentic control samples. We found 130 SSR genotypes that we considered as molecular variants because they showed minimal molecular differences but the same morphological profile than 48 catalogued cultivars. We reported 15 previously described and 37 new cases of synonyms as well as 26 previously described and seven new cases of homonyms. We detected several errors in accession labelling, which may have occurred at any step during establishment of plants in the collection. Nested sets of 5, 10 and 17 SSRs were proposed to progressively and efficiently identify all of the genotypes studied here. The study provides a useful protocol for the characterisation, identification and authentication of any olive germplasm bank that has facilitated the establishment of a repository of true-to-type cultivars at the WOGBC.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the projects RF01-006 and RF-2009-00011-00-00 (INIA, the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain) and Oleagen (Fundación Genoma España, Junta de Andalucía and Corporación Tecnológica de Andalucía). The research carried out by I. Trujillo was partially performed during a sabbatical leave at the University of California, Davis, which was funded by the Ministerio de Educación of Spain. Programa Salvador de Madariaga, No. Ref. PR-2009-0527. The authors are grateful to Dr. Juan M. Caballero and to the late Dr. Carmen Del Río, successive curators of the WOGBC, for facilitating us to carry out this work.

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  1. Departamento de Agronomía, Campus Universitario de Rabanales, Edificio Celestino Mutis. Ctra. Madrid-Cádiz, Km. 396, 14014, Córdoba, Spain

    Isabel Trujillo, Maria A. Ojeda, Nieves M. Urdiroz, Diego Barranco, Luis Rallo & Concepcion M. Diez

  2. Department of Plant Sciences Mail Stop 2, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Daniel Potter

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  1. Isabel Trujillo
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Trujillo, I., Ojeda, M.A., Urdiroz, N.M. et al. Identification of the Worldwide Olive Germplasm Bank of Córdoba (Spain) using SSR and morphological markers. Tree Genetics & Genomes 10, 141–155 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-013-0671-3

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