Abstract
In this paper, the influence of ionic strength on the dynamic transport of silt microparticles through saturated sand texture is studied in the presence of repulsive interactions. The deposition and release phenomenon is investigated through experimental column trials. Different ionic strengths are applied by adjustment of suspension salinity. Two trial configurations are performed: Monotonic experiments highlight particle deposition mechanisms, and non-monotonic tests focus on release phenomena under ionic strength and flow rate perturbations. Through this experimental study, the ionic strength influence on the deposition and release phenomenon is shown. The presence of both mechanical and physico-chemical mechanisms is proved experimentally. This study proves that ionic strength variation is a primal parameter which predicts the attachment and detachment of particles at constant flow. These experiments are simulated and reproduced through a numerical model based on original deposit and release kinetics which are proposed in this study. This model is the coupling of two multiphasic problems describing conservative salt and microparticle transport. The proposed kinetics formulations are founded on performed experimental test constitutions in this study. They take into account the flow rate and the suspension ionic strength. The suggested model reproduces well the experimental description of the suspended particles transport under the influence of ionic strength and flow velocity variations. It permits to predict the deposition and release phenomenon.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahfir, N.D., Wang, H.Q., Benamar, A., Alem, A., Massei, N., Dupont, J.P.: Transport and deposition of suspended particles in saturated porous media: hydrodynamic effect. Hydrogeol. J. 15(4), 659–668 (2006)
Ahfir, N.D., Benamar, A., Alem, A., Wang, H.Q.: Transport et cinétique de dépôt des particules en suspension dans un milieu poreux granulaire: étude des mécanismes de rétention des particules. 18 ème Congrès Français de mécanique le 27–31 août 2007, Grenoble (2007)
Bear, J.: Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media. American Elsevier, New York (1972)
Bergna, H.E., William, O.R.: Colloidal Silica. Fundamentals and Applications (Surfactant Science Series), vol. 131. CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group, Boca Raton (2006)
Blume, T., Weisbrodc, N., Selker, J.S.: On the critical salt concentrations for particle detachment in homogeneous sand and heterogeneous Hanford sediments. Geoderma 124(1–2), 121–132 (2005)
Bradford, S.A., Kim, H.G., Haznedaroglu, B.Z., Torkbzaban, S., Walker, S.L.: Coupled factors influencing concentration dependent colloid transport and retention in saturated porous media. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43(18), 6996–7002 (2009)
Bradford, S.A., Torkzaban, S., Walker, S.L.: Coupling of physical and chemical mechanisms of colloid straining in saturated porous media. Water Res. 41(13), 3012–3024 (2007)
Bradford, S.A., Yates, S.R., Bettahar, M., Simunek, J.: Physical factors affecting the transport and fate of colloids in saturated porous media. Water Res. 38(12), 1327–1338 (2002)
Cerda, C.M.: Mobilization of kaolinite fines in porous media. Colloids Surf. 27(1—-3), 219–241 (1987)
Compère, F., Porel, G., Delay, F.: Transport and retention of clay particles in saturated porous media. Influence of ionic strength and pore velocity. J. Contam. Hydrol. 49(1–2), 1–21 (2001)
Cumbie, D., McKay, L.: Influence of diameter on particle transport in a fractured shale saprolite. J. Contam. Hydrol. 37, 139–157 (1999)
Marsily, De: Hydrogéologie Quantitative. Masson, Paris (1981)
Derjaguin, B.V., Landau, L.D.: Theory of the stability of strongly charged lyophobic sols and of the adhesion of strongly charged particles in solutions of electrolytes. Acta Phys. Chem. URSS 14, 633–662 (1941)
Djehiche, A., Canseco, V., Omari, A., Bertin, H.: Étude expérimentale du dépôt de particules colloïdales en milieu poreux : Influence de l’hydrodynamique et de la salinité. C. R. Mecanique 337, 682–692 (2009)
Elimelech, M., Gregory, J., Jia, X., Williams, R.A.: Particle deposition and aggregation: measurement, modeling, and simulation. Langmuir 26, 16690–16698 (1995)
Elimelech, M., Nagai, M., Ko, C., Ryan, J.: Relative insignificance of mineral grain zeta potential to colloid transport in geochemically heterogeneous porous media. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34, 2143–2148 (2000)
Fan, Z., Casey, F.X.M., Hakk, H., Larsen, G.L., Khan, E.: Sorption, fate, and mobility of sulfonamides in soils. Water Air Soil Pollut. 218, 49–61 (2011)
Fauré, M.H., Sardin, M., Vitorge, P.: Transport of clay particles and radioelements in a salinity gradient experiments and simulations. J. Contam. Hydrol. 21, 255–267 (1996)
Florian, K., Kurt, B., Bhattacharjee, S., Elimelech, M., Kretzchmar, R.: Transport of iron oxide colloids in packed quartz sand media: monolayer and multilayer deposition. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 231, 32–41 (2000)
Fontes, D.E., MILLS, A.L., Hornberger, G.M., Herman, J.S.: Physical and chemical factors influencing transport of microorganisms through porous media. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57(9), 2473–2481 (1991)
Foppen, J.W., Van Herwerden, M., Schijven, J.: Measuring and modelling straining of Escherichia coli in saturated porous media. J. Contam. Hydrol. 93, 236–254 (2007)
Gao, B., Saiers, J., Ryan, J.: Deposition and mobilization of clay colloids in unsaturated porous media. Water Resour. Res. 40, W08602 (2004)
Giuseppe, M., Guerra, G.: Understanding at molecular level of nanoporous and cocrystalline materials based on syndiotactic polystyrene. Prog. Mater. Sci. 54(1), 68–88 (2009)
Gregory, J.: Approximate expressions for retarded van der waals interaction. Colloid Interface Sci. 83, 138–145 (1981)
Grolimund, D., Borkovec, M.: Long term release kinetics of colloidal particles from natural porous media. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33, 4054–4060 (1999)
Grolimund, D., Borkovec, M.: Release of colloidal particles in natural porous media by monovalent and divalent cations. J. Contam. Hydrol. 87, 155–175 (2006)
Grolimund, D., Barmettle, K., Borkovec, M.: Colloid facilitated transport in natural porous media: fundamental phenomena and modelling. J. Colloid. Transp. Porous Med. XII, 292 (2007)
Harmand, B., Rodier, E., Sardin, M., Dodds, J.: Transport and capture of submicron particles in a natural sand: short column experiments and a linear model. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 107, 233–244 (1996)
Herzig, P.J., Leclerc, D., Goff, PLe: Flow of suspensions through porous media. Application to deep filtration. Ind. Eng. Chem. 62(5), 8–35 (1970)
Hiemenz, P., Rajagopalan, R.: Principles of Colloid and Surface Chemistry, 3rd edn. Marcel Decker Inc., New York (1997)
Hofmann, T., Baumann, T., Bundschuh, T., Kammer, F., Leis, A., Schmitt, D., et al.: Aquatic colloids 1: Definition and relevance a review. Grundwasser 8(4), 203–210 (2003)
Hogg, R., Healy, T., Fuersten, D.: Mutual coagulation of colloidal dispersions. Trans. Faraday Soc. 62(522), 1638–1651 (1966)
Hong, S., Elimelech, M.: Chemical and physical aspects of natural organic matter (NOM) fouling of nanofiltration membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 132(2), 159–181 (1997)
Johnson, R.P., Elimelech, M.: Dynamics of colloid deposition in porous media: blocking based on random sequential adsorption. Langmuir 11, 801–812 (1995)
Khilar, K.C., Fogler, H.S.: Migration of Fines in Porous Media. Kluwer Academic Publishers, London (1998)
Khilar, K.C., Fogler, H.S.: The existence of critical salt concentration for particle release. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 101(1), 214–224 (1984)
Ko, C.H., Subir, B.: Coupled influence of colloidal and hydrodynamic interactions on the RSA dynamic blocking function for particle deposition onto spherical collectors. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 229, 554 (2000)
Kolawoski, J.E., Matijevic, E.: Particle adhesion and removal in model systems: part I. Monodispersed chromium hydroxide on glass. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 75(1), 65–78 (1979)
Kretzchmar, R., Borkovec, M., Grolimund, D., Elimelech, M.: Mobile surface colloids and their role in contaminant transport. Adv. Agron. 66, 121–193 (1999)
Kretzschmar, R., Barmettle, K., Grolimund, D., Yan, Y.D., Borkovec, M., Sticher, H.: Experimental determination of colloid depositionrates and collision efficiencies in natural porous media. Water Resour. Res. 33(5), 1129–1137 (1997)
Kuznar, Z., Elimelech, M.: Direct microscopic osbservation of particle deposition in porous media. Colloid Surf. 294(1–3), 156–162 (2007)
Lenhart, J.J., Saiers, J.E.: Collloid mobilization in water saturated porous media under transient chemical condition. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37(12), 2780–2787 (2003)
Li, X., Zhang, P., Lin, C., Johnson, W.: Role of hydrodynamic drag on microsphere deposition and re-entrainment in porous media under unfavorable conditions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 39, 4012–4020 (2005)
Lyklema, J.: Fundamentals of Interface and Colloid Science (Solid–Liquid Interfaces), vol. 2. Academic Press, London (1995)
McDowell-Boyer, L.M.: Chemical mobilization of micron sized particles in saturated porous media under steady flow conditions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 26(3), 586–593 (1992)
Mcdowell-Boyer, L., Hunt, J., Itar, N.: Particle transport through porous media. Water Resour. Res. 22(13), 1901–1921 (1986)
McGechan, M.B., Lewis, D.R.: Transport of particulate and colloid sorbed contaminants through soil, Part 1: general principles. Biosyst. Eng. 83(3), 255–273 (2002)
McNaught, D., Wilkinson, A.: IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 2nd edn. Blackwell Science, Oxford (1997)
Nowack, B., Bucheli, T.D.: Occurrence, behavior and effects of nanoparticles in the environment. Environ. Pollut. 150, 5–22 (2007)
Redman, J., Walker, S., Elimelech, M.: Bacterial adhesion and transport in porous media: role of the secondary energy minimum. Environ. Sci. Technol. 38, 1777–1785 (2004)
Roy, S.B., Dzombak, D.A.: Colloid release and transport processes in natural and porous media. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 107, 245–262 (1996)
Ryan, J.N., Elimelech, M.: Colloid mobilization and transport in groundwater. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 107, 1–56 (1996)
Ryan, J.N., Gschwend, P.M.: Effect of solution chemistry on clay colloid release from an iron oxide coated aquifer sand. Environ. Sci. Technol. 28(9), 1717–1726 (1994)
Ryan, J.N., Gschwend, P.M.: Effect of ionic strength and flow rate on colloid detachment kinetics. Dependance on intersurface potential energy. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 164, 21–34 (1994)
Ryan, J.N., Elimelech, M.: Colloid mobilization and transport in groundwater. J. Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 107, 1–56 (1996)
Saiers, J.E., Hornberger, G.M.: First and second order kinetics approaches for modeling the transport of colloidal particles in porous media. Water Resour. Res. 30(9), 2499 (1994)
Saiers, J.E., Ryan, J.N.: Introduction to special section on Colloid Transport in Subsurface Environments. Water Resour. Res. 42(12), W12S01 (2006)
Tiraferri, A., Tosco, T., Sethi, A.: Transport and retention of micro particles in packed sand columns at low and intermediate ionic strengths experiments and mathematical modeling. Environ. Earth Sci. 63(4), 847–859 (2011)
Tosco, T., Tiraferri, A., Sethi, A.: Ionic strength transport of micro particles in saturated porous media: modeling mobilization and immobilization phenomena under transient chemical conditions. Environ. Sci. Technol. 43(12), 4425–4431 (2009)
Tufenkji, N.: Modeling microbial transport in porous media: traditional approaches and recent developments. Langmuir 30(6–7), 1455–1469 (2007)
Tufenkji, N., Elimelech, M.: Deviation from the classical colloid filtration theory in the presence of repulsive DLVO interactions. Langmuir 20, 10818–10828 (2004)
Tufenkji, N., Elimelech, M.: Breakdown of colloid filtration theory: role of the secondary energy minimum and surface charge heterogeneities. Langmuir 21, 841–852 (2005)
Tufenkji, N., Redman, J.A., Elimelech, M.: Deposition patterns of microbial particles in laboratory scale column experiments. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37(3), 616–623 (2003)
Van der Lee, J., Ledoux, E., De Marsily, G., De Cayeux, M., Van der Weerd, H., Fraters, B., Doods, J., Rodier, E., Sardin, M., Hernandez, A.: A Bibliographical Review of Colloid Transport Through the Geosphere. Nuclear Science and Technology. European Commission, Brussels (1994)
Vardoulakis, I.: Fluidization in artesian flow conditions: hydro mechanically unstable granular media. Géotechnique 54(3), 165–177 (2004)
Verwey, E.J.W., Overbeek, J.T.G.: Theory of the Stability of Lyophobic Colloids. Elsevier Publishing Company, Inc., Amsterdam (1948)
Wang, H.Q., Lacroix, M., Masséi, N., Dupont, J.P.: Particle transport in a porous medium: determination of hydrodispersive characteristics and deposition rates. Surf. Geosci. 331(2), 97–104 (2000)
William, P.J., Li, X., Assemi, S.: Deposition and re-entrainment dynamics of microbes and non-biological colloids during non-perturbed transport in porous media in the presence of an energy barrier to deposition. Adv. Water Resour. 30(6–7), 1432–1454 (2007)
Yang, X., Flynn, R., Von Der Kammer, F., Hofmann, T.: Influence of ionic strength and pH on the limitation of latex microsphere deposition sites on iron-oxide coated sand by humic acid. Environ. Pollut. 159, 1896–1904 (2011)
Yao, K., Habibian, M., O’Melia, C.: Water and waste water filtration: concepts and applications. Environ. Sci. Technol. 5, 1105–1112 (1971)
Zamani, A., Maini, B.: Flow of dispersed particles through porous media—deep bed filtration. J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 69, 71–88 (2009)
Zevi, Y., Dathe, A., Gao, B., Zhang, W., Richards, B.K., Steenhuis, T.S.: ransport and retention of colloidal particles in partially saturated porous media: effect of ionic strength. Water Resour. Res. 45, W12403 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mesticou, Z., Kacem, M. & Dubujet, P. Influence of Ionic Strength and Flow Rate on Silt Particle Deposition and Release in Saturated Porous Medium: Experiment and Modeling. Transp Porous Med 103, 1–24 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0285-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11242-014-0285-8