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The economics of gay and lesbian couples: Introduction to a special issue on gay and lesbian households

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Abstract

This article presents a simple conceptual framework integrating three couple-related outcomes analyzed in this volume: wage differentials in earnings related to couple formation, household formation (including cohabitation and registration as Registered Domestic Partnership), and intra-household allocation of income. It also discusses some of the articles’ main findings.

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Notes

  1. Another topic previously analyzed by economists writing about gay men and lesbians is housing choice (e.g. Black et al. 2002; Leppel 2007a, b). For an excellent discussion of the demographics of G&L families, see Black et al. (2007).

  2. Household formation has been a core outcome in economic theories of marriage ever since Gary Becker’s groundbreaking theories (Becker 1973, 1974, 1981) grew out of the New Home Economics project that he nurtured jointly with Jacob Mincer in the 1960s (see Grossbard-Shechtman 2001).

  3. Other economic theories of marriage typically referred to in analyses of intra-household distribution include McElroy and Horney (1981); Apps and Rees (1997); and Browning et al. (1994).

  4. For simplicity we are ignoring a third way of being in-couple: partnership without co-residence. BGM consider this third form of partnership.

  5. One possible reason for the asymmetry is that wage consequences of coupling are more quantifiable than consequences in the area of individual consumption.

  6. The terms ‘principal household worker’ and ‘principal earner’ were first used in Bonke and Grossbard (2008).

  7. However, other studies have indicated a wage premium for cohabiting heterosexual men (see Cohen 1999 and Daniel 1992, as cited in Zavodny).

  8. We thank Christopher Jepsen for calculating Census statistics and Gary Gates for providing further analysis of the Tobacco Survey data.

  9. For simplicity, we choose 2% because it is in kee** with several studies, including the National Survey of Family Growth and the California Health Interview Survey. The Census does not include questions about sexual orientation.

  10. This is likely to be an underestimate of the true cohabitation rate among heterosexuals.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Jens Bonke, Kitt Carpenter, Gary Gates, John Graham, and Howard Yourow for helpful comments.

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Correspondence to Lisa K. Jepsen.

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Grossbard, S., Jepsen, L.K. The economics of gay and lesbian couples: Introduction to a special issue on gay and lesbian households. Rev Econ Household 6, 311–325 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11150-008-9043-4

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