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The evolution of Photosystem II: insights into the past and future

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Abstract

This article attempts to address the molecular origin of Photosystem II (PSII), the central component in oxygenic photosynthesis. It discusses the possible evolution of the relevant cofactors needed for splitting water into molecular O2 with respect to the following functional domains in PSII: the reaction center (RC), the oxygen evolving complex (OEC), and the manganese stabilizing protein (MSP). Possible ancestral sources of the relevant cofactors are considered, as are scenarios of how these components may have been brought together to produce the intermediate steps in the evolution of PSII. Most importantly, the driving forces that maintained these intermediates for continued adaptation are considered. We then apply our understanding of the evolution of PSII to the bioengineering of a water oxidizing catalyst for utilization of solar energy.

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Notes

  1. 1 GYr = 1 × 109 years.

Abbreviations

BChl:

Bacteriochlorophyll

BFR:

Bacterioferritin protein

Chl:

Chlorophyll

GYr:

Giga years (billion years)

EXAFS:

Extended X-ray absorption fine structure

MSP:

Manganese stabilizing protein

P680:

Reaction center chlorophyll

OEC:

Oxygen evolving complex

pdb:

Protein data bank accession number

Pheo:

Pheophytin

RC-I:

Type-I iron sulfur reaction center

RC-II:

Type-II pheophytin/quinone reaction center

TRX:

Thioredoxin

YZ :

Redox-active Tyrosine D1-Y161

ZnCe6 :

Zinc chlorin

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Author notes

  1. Adele Williamson

    Present address: Department of Plant Physiology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden

  2. Brendon Conlan

    Present address: Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research School of Biology, College of Medicine, Biology and Environment, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia

    Adele Williamson, Brendon Conlan, Warwick Hillier & Tom Wydrzynski

Authors
  1. Adele Williamson
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  2. Brendon Conlan
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  3. Warwick Hillier
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  4. Tom Wydrzynski
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Correspondence to Warwick Hillier.

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Williamson, A., Conlan, B., Hillier, W. et al. The evolution of Photosystem II: insights into the past and future. Photosynth Res 107, 71–86 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-010-9559-3

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