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Potential of native cold tolerant plant growth promoting bacilli to enhance nutrient use efficiency and yield of Amaranthus hypochondriacus

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Abstract

Background and aims

Amaranth is an important underutilized crop with high nutritional value but due to acidic soils and low nutrient availability, its production is low in Uttarakhand hills. Use of inorganic chemicals is restricted as they may disturb the fragile Himalayan ecosystem. Therefore, native cold tolerant Bacillus spp. isolates were used to assess their effect on growth and yield enhancement in amaranth.

Methods

A repository of 120 isolates of Bacillus spp. was developed and evaluated for their cold tolerance ability and PGP (Plant Growth Promoting) traits. Among these isolates, three potential isolates (BS-27, BS-41, BS-58) were selected for the field experiments to assess their effects on plant growth, soil nutrients (N, P and K) availability, nutrient uptake and yield of amaranth. Effect of different treatments on the nutrient use efficiency of amaranth was also determined.

Results

Biopriming of amaranth seeds by the selected three isolates exhibited a significant enhancement in plant growth and yield under field conditions. Among the different treatments, T-8 (BS-27 + BS-58) exhibited a maximum increase in grain yield (36.94%) closely followed by T-4 (BS-27; 33.80%). A significant increase (36.18%, 32.45 and 17.11%) in soil nutrients (NPK) and their uptake (68.01%, 104.16 and 116.46%) was recorded in different treatments. Principal component analysis revealed a positive correlation between soil nutrients and their uptake by host plants. The rpoB gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis suggested the identity of BS-27 and BS-41 as B. pumilus and BS-58 as B. subtilis.

Conclusion

Our study shows that plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) can enhance the nutrient use efficiency of the host plant that further contributes to increase the crop yield. A significant increase in crop yield suggests that regular use of such effective PGPBs by farmers may increase the soil fertility and crop yield. Ultimately, this will lead towards food security under the organic farming framework in general, and sustainable crop production in particular.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are thankful to Dean, College of Forestry, Ranichauri for providing necessary facilities to carry out this research and to Department of Crop improvement, for providing necessary facilities for field experiments. Support from Genomics team of Pathcare labs, Greater Hyderabad is gratefully acknowledged. Authors are grateful to Dr. Arun Pant, Associate Professor, Dept. of English, SRT Campus (HNB Garhwal University), Badshahithaul, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand for extending his help in language editing of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Basic Sciences, College of Forestry (VCSG UUHF), Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India

    Chitra Pandey & Yogesh Kumar Negi

  2. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Gurukul Kangri University, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India

    Chitra Pandey & D. K. Maheshwari

  3. Department of Soil Science, College of Forestry (VCSG UUHF), Ranichauri, Tehri Garhwal, Uttarakhand, India

    Deepa Rawat

  4. Department of Seed Science and Technology, HNB Garhwal University, Srinagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Deepti Prabha

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  1. Chitra Pandey
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Correspondence to Yogesh Kumar Negi.

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Pandey, C., Negi, Y.K., Maheshwari, D.K. et al. Potential of native cold tolerant plant growth promoting bacilli to enhance nutrient use efficiency and yield of Amaranthus hypochondriacus. Plant Soil 428, 307–320 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-018-3681-y

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