Abstract
A greenhouse experiment was conducted to examine the effect of foliar application of triacontanol (TRIA) on two cultivars (cv. S-24 and MH-97) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth stages. Plants were grown in full strength Hoagland’s nutrient solution under salt stress (150 mM NaCl) or control (0 mM NaCl) conditions. Three TRIA concentrations (0, 10, and 20 μM) were sprayed over leaves at three different growth stages, i.e. vegetative (V), boot (B), and vegetative + boot (VB) stages (two sprays on same plants, i.e., the first at 30-d-old plants and the second 78-d-old plants). Salt stress decreased significantly growth, net photosynthetic rate (P N), transpiration rate (E), chlorophyll contents (Chl a and b), and electron transport rate (ETR), while membrane permeability increased in both wheat cultivars. Stomatal conductance (g s) decreased only in salt-sensitive cv. MH-97 under saline conditions. Foliar application of TRIA at different growth stages enhanced significantly the growth, P N, g s, Chl a and b contents, and ETR, while membrane permeability was reduced in both cultivars under salt stress. Of various growth stages, foliar-applied TRIA was comparatively more effective when it was applied at V and VB stages. Overall, 10 μM TRIA concentration was the most efficient in reducing negative effects of salinity stress in both wheat cultivars. The cv. S-24 showed the better growth and ETR, while cv. MH-97 exhibited higher nonphotochemical quenching.
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Abbreviations
- B:
-
boot stage
- Chl:
-
chlorophyll
- C i :
-
intracellular CO2 concentration
- df:
-
degrees of freedom
- E :
-
transpiration rate
- EC:
-
electrical conductivity
- ECe:
-
electrical conductivity of saturated-paste extract
- ETR:
-
electron transport rate
- F0 :
-
minimal fluorescence of dark-adapted state
- Fv/Fm :
-
efficiency of photosystem II
- FM:
-
fresh mass
- g s :
-
stomatal conductance
- OD:
-
optical density
- PGRs:
-
plant growth regulators
- P N :
-
net photosynthetic rate
- PSII:
-
photosystem II
- qN :
-
nonphotochemical quenching coefficient
- qP :
-
photochemical quenching efficiency
- RH:
-
relative humidity
- RMP:
-
relative membrane permeability
- TRIA:
-
triacontanol
- V:
-
vegetative stage
- VB:
-
vegetative + boot stages
- WUE:
-
water-use efficiency
- Y:
-
quantum yield of photosystem II
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Acknowledgements: The data reported in this manuscript were taken from the thesis of Miss Shagufta Perveen, (PIN NO. 074-3756-Bm4-061), financially supported by HEC (Pakistan) through Indigenous 5000 PhD. Scholarship Program.
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Perveen, S., Shahbaz, M. & Ashraf, M. Influence of foliar-applied triacontanol on growth, gas exchange characteristics, and chlorophyll fluorescence at different growth stages in wheat under saline conditions. Photosynthetica 51, 541–551 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-013-0054-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11099-013-0054-x