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Quality trait improvement in horticultural crops: OMICS and modern biotechnological approaches

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Abstract

Horticultural crops are an essential part of food and nutritional security. Moreover, these form an integral part of the agricultural economy and have enormous economic potential. They are a rich source of nutrients that are beneficial to human health. Plant breeding of horticultural crops has focussed primarily on increasing the productivity and related traits of these crops. However, fruit and vegetable quality is paramount to their perishability, marketability, and consumer acceptance. The improved nutritional value is beneficial to underprivileged and undernourished communities. Due to a declining genetic base, conventional plant breeding does not contribute much to quality improvement as the existing natural allelic variations and crossing barriers between cultivated and wild species limit it. Over the past two decades, ‘omics’ and modern biotechnological approaches have made it possible to decode the complex genomes of crop plants, assign functions to the otherwise many unknown genes, and develop genome-wide DNA markers. Genetic engineering has enabled the validation of these genes and the introduction of crucial agronomic traits influencing various quality parameters directly or indirectly. This review discusses the significant advances in the quality improvement of horticultural crops, including shelf life, aroma, browning, nutritional value, colour, and many other related traits.

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The authors are highly grateful to the SKUAST-K for the support and facilities.

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  1. Tanzeel Bashir and Syed Anam Ul Haq contributed equally to this work.

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  1. Genome Engineering and Societal Biotechnology Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-K, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Tanzeel Bashir, Syed Anam Ul Haq, Salsabeel Masoom & Amjad M. Husaini

  2. Newe Yaar Research Center, Agricultural Research Organization, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel

    Mwafaq Ibdah

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AMH conceptualized, analysed and edited the manuscript. TB, SAH and SM wrote the paper together with critical inputs from MI and AMH. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.

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Correspondence to Amjad M. Husaini.

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Bashir, T., Ul Haq, S.A., Masoom, S. et al. Quality trait improvement in horticultural crops: OMICS and modern biotechnological approaches. Mol Biol Rep 50, 8729–8742 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-023-08728-3

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