Abstract
ZnO nanorods are usually formed by two-step method. In the first step, a seed layer is coated on substrate and then the second treatment by hydrothermal method is employed for formation of nanorods. Here, we report that ZnO nanorods can be directly coated on glass substrates by sol–gel dip coating technique without the second treatment. The effect of coating layers on morphological, structural, electrical, and optical properties was studied. According to the cross-sectional SEM images of the produced ZnO nanorods, a seed layer was spontaneously observed. The diameter of the ZnO nanorods was varied between 200 nm and 1 µm with coating thickness. The effect of the zinc nitrate tetrahydrate and zinc chloride precursors on the preparation of the ZnO nanorods was also investigated. And, it was found that the zinc chloride precursor exhibited formation of nanorods on the glass substrates. According to the Hall effect measurements, the ZnO nanorods exhibited mobility as high as 95 cm2 (Vs)−1. The X-ray diffraction and electrical studies indicated that highly pure crystalline ZnO nanorods could be obtained by the one-step solution method.
Graphical Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Janotti A, Van de Walle CG (2009) Rep Prog Phys 72:1–29
Yi G-C, Wang C, Park WIL (2005) Semicond Sci Technol 20:S22–S34
Ahmed F, Arshi N, Anwar MS, Danish R, Koo BH (2013) Thin Solid Films 547:168–172
Lu H, Zhai X, Liu W, Zhang M, Guo M (2015) Thin Solid Films 586:46–53
Li CF, Hsu CY, Li YY (2014) J Alloy Comp 606:27–31
Bai T, **e Y, Hu J, Zhang C, Wang J (2015) J Alloy Comp 644:350–353
Son DY, Im JH, Kim HS, Park NG (2014) J Phys Chem C 118:16567–16573
Ahsanulhaq Q, Kim J-H, Hahn Y-B (2007) Nanotechnology 18:485307
Kumarakuru H, Cherns D, Fuge GM (2011) Surf Coat Techn 205:5083–5087
Venkatesh PS, Dong CL, Chen CL, Pong WF, Asokan K, Jeganathan K (2014) Mater Letter 116:206–208
Alver U, Kılınç T, Bacaksız E, Küçükömeroğlu T, Nezir S, Mutlu İH, Aslan F (2007) Thin Solid Films 515:3448–3451
Bacaksiz E, Parlak M, Tomakin M, Özçelik A, Karakız M, Altunbas M (2008) J Alloy Comp 466:447–450
Sun Z-P, Liu L, Zhang L, Jia D-Z (2006) Nanotechnology 17:2266–2270
Foo KL, Hashim U, Muhammad K, Voon CH (2014) Nanoscale Res Lett 9:1–10
Duta M, Mihaiu S, Munteanu C, Anastasescu M, Osiceanu P, Marin A, Preda S, Nicolescu M, Modreanu M, Zaharescu M, Gartner M (2015) Appl Surf Sci 344:196–204
Cittadini M, Sturaro M, Guglielmi M, Resmini A, Tredici IG, Anselmi-Tamburini U, Koshy P, Sorrell CC, Martucci A (2015) Sens Actuators B 213:493–500
Weintraub B, Deng Y, Wang ZL (2007) J Phy Chem C Lett 111:10162–10165
Song J, Lim S (2007) J Phys Chem C 111:596–600
Feng X, Feng L, ** M, Zhai J, Jiang L, Zhu D (2004) J Am Chem Soc 126:62–63
Kathalingam A, Park H-C, Kim S-D, Kim H-S, Velumani S, Mahalingam T (2015) J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 26:5724–5734
Paculba HMD, Alguno AC, Vequizo RM (2015) Mater Sci Eng 79:012022
Rafaie HA, Samat NA, Nor RM (2014) Mater Lett 137:297–299
Malek MF, Mamat MH, Khusaimi Z, Sahdan MZ, Musa MZ, Zainun AR, Suriani AB, Md Sin ND, Abd Hamid SB, Rusop M (2014) J Alloy Comp 582:12–21
Malgas GF, Motaung DE, Mhlongo GH, Nkosi SS, Mwakikunga BW, Govendor M, Arendse CJ, Muller TFG (2014) Thin Solid Films 555:100–106
Cullity BD, Stock SR (2001) Elements of X-Ray diffraction, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, New Jersey
Goktas A, Aslan F, Mutlu IH (2014) J Alloy Comp 615:765–778
Bose A, Maity T, Bysakh S, Seal A, Sen S (2010) Appl Surf Sci 256:6205–6212
Voigt M, Klaumünzer M, Thiem H, Peukert W (2010) J Phys Chem C 114:6243–6249
Chen H-W, Yang H-W, He H-M, Lee Y-M (2016) J Phys D Appl Phys 49:025306
Farhat OF, Halim MM, Abdullah MJ, Ali MKM, Allam NK (2015) Beilstein J Nanotechnol 6:720–725
Jeon S, Bang S, Lee S, Kwon S, Jeong W, Jeon H, Chang HJ, Park HH (2008) J Electrochem Soc 155:738–743
Cho S (2009) Trans Elect Elect Mater 10:185–188
Cheng AJ, Tzeng Y, Xu H, Alur S, Wang Y, Park M, Wu TH, Shannon C, Kim DJ, Wang D (2009) J App Phys 105:1–7
Park W, Kim JS, Yi GC (2004) App Phys Lett 85:5052–5054
Li W, Reisdorffer F, Nguyen TP, Kwok HL (2013) J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 24:3788–3792
Kashif M, Ali ME, Ali SMU, Hashim U, Hamid SBA (2013) Nanoscale Res Lett 8:1–9
Nakamura T, Yamada Y, Kusumori T, Minoura H, Muto H (2002) Thin Solid Films 411:60–64
Sze SM, Ng KK (2006) Physics of semiconductor devices, 3rd edn. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken
Holloway T, Mundle R, Dondapati H, Bahouraand M, Pradhan AK (2012) J Nanophoton 6:063507
Wang Z, Huang B, Qin X, Zhang X, Wang P, Wei J, Zhan J, **g X, Liu H, Xu Z, Cheng H, Wang X, Zheng Z (2009) Mater Letter 63:130–132
Kim JJ, Kim KS, Jung GY (2011) J Mater Chem 21:7730–7735
Tauc J (1974) Amorphous and liquid semiconductors. Plenum Press, New York
Ellmer K, Klein A, Rech B (2007) Transparent conductive zinc oxide basics and applications in thin film solar cells. Springer, Berlin
Kim CE, Moon P, Kim S, Myoung JM, Jang HW, Bang J, Yun I (2010) Thin Solid Films 518:6304–6307
Acknowledgments
This work was a research corporation between Harran University and T.S.C.F Glass Company funded by Turkey’s Ministry of Science, Industry and Technology with the Project No. 0128.STZ.2013-1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Aslan, F., Tumbul, A., Göktaş, A. et al. Growth of ZnO nanorod arrays by one-step sol–gel process. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 80, 389–395 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-016-4131-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-016-4131-z