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Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Properties of Photosynthesized Silver Chloride Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract from Stryphnodendron adstringens (Martius) Coville

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Abstract

Stryphnodendron adstringens (Martius) Coville is a medicinal plant described as having pharmacological properties as anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities. Silver chloride nanoparticles (AgCl-NPs) have shown great potential for biomedical applications with efficient antimicrobial properties. Here, we report the photosynthesis of AgCl-NPs using plant extract from S. adstringens (SaAgCl-NPs) and their cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. We photosynthesized SaAgCl-NPs nearly spherical with low heterogeneity in size and enveloped by an organic material layer responsible for colloidal stability. SaAgCl-NPs was non-cytotoxic against mammalian VERO cells; however, SaAgCl-NPs presented remarkable antifungal activity against the pathogenic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans (MIC80 of 0.32 µg/mL) the causative agent of human cryptococcosis. Notable antibacterial activity was observed against Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MIC80 of 2.56 µg/mL) e Serratia marcescens (MIC80 of 20.48 µg/mL) both microorganisms associated with a variety of human infections, in particular pneumonia. In contrast, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis, microorganisms that cause pathologies as skin infections, were less susceptible to the SaAgCl-NPs both with MIC80 of 40.93 µg/mL. Thus, SaAgCl-NPs represents an organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterial with very low cytotoxicity against mammalian cells and high antimicrobial efficiency against pathogenic microorganisms and may be explored as an alternative to antimicrobial drugs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Multiuser Central Facilities (UFABC).

Funding

We would like to thank Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (Grants 2017/17275-3 and 2018/08194-2) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (Grants 305740/2017-2, 422132/2018-7, 404815/2018-9 and 313117/2019-5) for financial support.

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Author notes

  1. Diógenes G. da S. Fernandes and Viviane Brito Andrade contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil

    Diógenes G. da S. Fernandes, André L. M. de Souza, Bruno L. Batista, Wallace Rosado Rolim, Amedea Barozzi Seabra & Wanius Garcia

  2. Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas (CCNH), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil

    Viviane Brito Andrade, Letícia Neves Lucena, Felipe Nogueira Ambrosio, Christiane B. Lombello & Fernanda Dias da Silva

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  1. Diógenes G. da S. Fernandes
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da S. Fernandes, D.G., Andrade, V.B., Lucena, L.N. et al. Cytotoxicity and Antimicrobial Properties of Photosynthesized Silver Chloride Nanoparticles Using Plant Extract from Stryphnodendron adstringens (Martius) Coville. J Clust Sci 33, 687–695 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-021-02011-w

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