Abstract
Controlled crosses in bambara groundnut were attempted between a range of thirty-six bambara groundnut landraces (thirty domesticated (V. subterranea var. subterranea) and six wild (V. subterranea var. spontanea)). Ten F1 seed were produced. Of these, eight germinated producing F2 populations. On seed set, four populations could be unambiguously confirmed as true crosses by F3 seed coat colour. A single F2 population, derived from a domesticated landrace from Botswana (DipC; female parent) crossed with a wild accession collected in Cameroon (VSSP11; male parent) was used to study a range of agronomic and domestication traits. These included; days to emergence, days to flowering, internode (fourth) length at harvest, number of stems per plant, leaf area, Specific Leaf Area (SLA), Carbon Isotope Discrimination (CID), 100 seed weight, testa colour and eye pattern around the hilum. On the basis of variation for internode length and stems per plant, 14 small F3 families were selected and grown under field conditions to further investigate the genetic basis of the ‘spreading’ versus ‘bunched’ plant character, a major difference between wild and cultivated bambara groundnut. Results presented suggest that traits including leaf area, SLA, CID and 100 seed weight are controlled by several genes. In contrast, the variation for traits such as internode length, stems per plant, days to emergence and seed eye pattern around the hilum are likely to be under largely monogenic control. The results of this work are discussed in relation to the domestication of bambara groundnut.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Basu SM, Roberts JA, Davey MR, Azam-Ali SN, Mithen RF (2003) Towards genetic linkage map** in Bambara groundnut. In: Proceedings of the international bambara groundnut symposium in Gaborone, Botswana, 8–12 August 2003, pp 211–222
Brough SH, Azam-Ali SN (1992) The effect of soil moisture on the proximate composition of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc). J Sci Food Agric 60:197–203
Condon AG, Richards RA, Rebetske GJ et al (2004) Breeding for high water-use-efficiency. J Exp Bot 55:2447–2460
Coudert MJ (1982) Market openings in West Africa for cowpeas and bambara groundnuts. Int Trade Technol X:147–241
Doebley J, Stec A, Wendel J et al (1990) Genetic and morphological analysis of a maize-teosinte F2 population: Implications for the origin of maize. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 87:9888–9892
Ehleringer JR, Osmond CB (1989) Stable isotopes. In: Pearcy RW, Ehleringer J, Mooney HA, Rundel PW (eds) Plant physiological ecology: field methods and instrumentation. Chapman & Hall, London, UK, pp 281–300
Farquhar GD, Richards RA (1984) Isotopic composition of plant carbon correlates with water-use efficiency of wheat genotypes. Aust J Plant Physiol 11:539–552
Frahm-Leliveld JA (1953) Some chromosome numbers in tropical leguminous plants. Euphytica 2:46–48
Harlan JR (1992) Crops and Man. Madison, Wisconsin, USA
Hepper FN (1963) Plants of the 1957–58 West Africa expedition II: the bambara groundnut (Voandzeia subterranea) and Kersting’s groundnut (Kerstingiella geocarpa) wild in West Africa. Kew Bulletin 16:395–407
International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI) and International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) (2000) Descriptors for bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea): BAMNET (The international bambara groundnut network). IITA, Kenya
Linnemann AR (1990) Cultivation of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea L. Verdc) in Western province, Zambia. Report of a field study. Tropical Crops Communication No. 16. Department of Tropical Crop Science, Wageningen Agricultural University
Linnemann AR (1994) Photothermal regulation of phenological development and growth in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). PhD. Dissertation, Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands
Linnemann AR, Azam-Ali SN (1993) Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). In: Williams JT (ed) Underutilised crops: pulses and vegetables. Chapman Hall, London, UK, pp 13–58
Massawe FJ, Schenkel W, Basu S et al (2004) Artificial hybridisation in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). In: conference proceedings of the international bambara groundnut symposium, 5-12 September 2003, Gaborone, Botswana, pp 193–209
Massawe FJ, Dickinson M, Roberts JA et al (2002) Genetic diversity in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) landraces revealed by AFLP markers. Genome 45:1175–1180
Ntundu WH, Bach IC, Christiasen JC, Andresen SB (2004) Analysis of genetic diversity in Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterrea (L) Verdc.) landraces using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Afr J Biotech 3(4):220–225
Obagwu J (2003) Evaluation of bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc) lines for reaction to Cercospora spot. J Sus Agric 22(1):93–100
Pasquet RS, Schwedes S, Gepts P (1999) Isozyme Diversity in bambara groundnut. Crop Sci 39:1228–1236
Pasquet RS, Fotso M (1997) The ORSTOM bambara groundnut collection. In: Heller J, Begemann F, Mushonga J (eds) Bambara groundnut Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc. IPGRI, Rome, pp 119–123
Rassel A (1960) Le voandzou Voandzeia subterranea Thouars et sa culture au Kwango. Bull Agr Congo Belge Ruanda-Urundi 51–1:1–26
Paterson AH (2002) What has QTL map** taught us about plant domestication? New Phytologist 154:591–608
Peng J, Ronin Y, Fahima T et al (2002) Domestication quantitative trait loci in Triticum dicoccoides, the progenitor of wheat. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100(5):2489–2494
Salamini et al (2002) Genetics and geography of wild cereal domestication in the near east. Nat Rev Genet 3:429–441
Swanevelder CJ (1998) Bambara groundnut. Department of Agriculture, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa
Sellschope JPF (1962) Cowpeas, Vigna unguiculata (L.) walp. Field Crop Abstr 15:259–266
Snedecor GW, Cochran WG (1989) Statistical methods. Iowa State University Press, Ames, USA
Stephens MA (1974) EDF statistics for goodness of fit and some comparisons. J Amer Statist Ass 69:730–737
Zeven AC (1998) Landraces: a review of definitions and classifications. Euphytica 104:127–139
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the provision of CID data from the individual F2 samples by Prof. M. S. Sheshshayee, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Basu, S., Mayes, S., Davey, M. et al. Inheritance of ‘domestication’ traits in bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.). Euphytica 157, 59–68 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-007-9396-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-007-9396-4