Abstract
This study aims to provide various maps of the evolution, current situation and future lines of sustainability indicators for tourism destinations research. The bibliographic analysis of 440 papers (after refinement) published from 1995 to 2021 reveal the existence of three stages over time and an enormous increase during the last eight years. The results suggest the multidisciplinary nature of the subject that has developed from environmental and social areas to scientific and technological areas, and the existence of seven clusters around the knowledge base. The key research topics have evolved from an essentially instrumental approach to the applicability of developments to management and specific perspectives. The seven following topics merit further research: (1) proposals for different types of destination, (2) indicators construction methodologies, (3) fulfilment of SDGs, (4) development of international frameworks, (5) role of host communities, (6) interactions between stakeholders and (7) focus to climate change effect.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig1_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig2_HTML.png)
adapted from Khanra et al. (2021)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig3_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig4_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig5_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig6_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig7_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig8_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig9_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig10_HTML.png)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10668-021-01951-7/MediaObjects/10668_2021_1951_Fig11_HTML.png)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Adeleke, B. O. (2015). Assessment of residents’ attitude towards ecotourism in KwaZulu-Natal protected areas. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research, 9(3), 316–328. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJCTHR-12-2014-0102
Ahn, B. Y., Lee, B. K., & Shafer, C. S. (2002). Operationalizing sustainability in regional tourism planning: An application of the limits of acceptable change framework. Tourism Management, 23(1), 1–15.
Allen, C. R., Fontaine, J. J., Pope, K. L., & Garmestani, A. S. (2011). Adaptive management for a turbulent future. Journal of Environmental Management, 92(5), 1339–1345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2010.11.019
Bhatt, Y., Ghuman, K., & Dhir, A. (2020). Sustainable manufacturing Bibliometrics and content analysis. Journal of Cleaner Production, 260, 120988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120988
Blancas, F. J., González, M., Lozano-Oyola, M., & Pérez, F. (2010). The assessment of sustainable tourism: Application to Spanish coastal destinations. Ecological Indicators, 10(2), 484–492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2009.08.001
Blancas, F. J., Lozano-Oyola, M., González, M., Guerrero, F. M., & Caballero, R. (2011). How to use sustainability indicators for tourism planning: The case of rural tourism in Andalusia (Spain). Science of the Total Environment, 412–413, 28–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.09.066
Bloyer, J. M., Gustke, L. D., & Leung, Y. (2004). Indicators for sustainable tourism development: Crossing the divide from definitions to actions. In Sustainable Tourism (WITPress., Vol. 76, pp. 109–115). Spain.
Buckley, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism: Research and reality. Annals of Tourism Research, 39(2), 528–546.
Bunakov, O. A., Eidelman, B. M., & Kazakova, E. A. (2017). The seasonal factor in the tourism industry and it’s influence on the sustainable development of the sector. Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 12(19), 4862–4864. https://doi.org/10.3923/jeasci.2017.4862.4864
Butler, R. W. (1999). Sustainable tourism: A state-of-the-art review. Tourism Geographies, 1(1), 7–25.
Butler, R. W. (1980). The concept of a tourist area cycle of evolution: Implications for management of resources. The Canadian Geographer, 24(1), 5–12. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-0064.1980.tb00970.x
Cannas, R. (2018). Communicating actions for sustainable tourism development. The implementation of the European Tourism Indicator System for sustainable destinations in South Sardinia. Journal of Tourism, Culture and Territorial Development, 18, 105–128. https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2036--5195/8855
Castañeda, B. E. (1999). An index of sustainable economic welfare (ISEW) for Chile. Ecological Economics, 28(2), 231–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-8009(98)00037-8
Castellani, V., & Sala, S. (2010). Sustainable performance index for tourism policy development. Tourism Management, 31(6), 871–880. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2009.10.001
Čavlek, N., Cooper, C., Kra**ović, V., Srnec, L., & Zaninović, K. (2019). Destination climate adaptation. Journal of Hospitality & Tourism Research, 43(2), 314–322. https://doi.org/10.1177/1096348018793507
Chahal, H., & Devi, A. (2016). Impact of local community quality-of-life (QOF) on sustainable development of pilgrimage destinations: Mediating role of destination image. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research, 14(5), 269–296.
Chen, C. (2006). CiteSpace II: Detecting and visualizing emerging trends and transient patterns in scientific literature. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 57(3), 359–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20317
Choi, H. C., & Sirakaya, E. (2006). Sustainability indicators for managing community tourism. Tourism Management, 27(6), 1274–1289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.05.018
Clarke, J. (1997). A framework of approaches to sustainable tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 5(3), 224–233.
Cobb, C. W., & Cobb, J. B., Jr. (1994). The Green National Product: A Proposed Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare. University Press of America.
Cobo, M. J., López-Herrera, A. G., Herrera-Viedma, E., & Herrera, F. (2011). Science map** software tools: Review, analysis, and cooperative study among tools. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 62(7), 1382–1402. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21525
Cui, Y., Mou, J., & Liu, Y. (2018). Knowledge map** of social commerce research: A visual analysis using CiteSpace. Electronic Commerce Research, 18(4), 837–868. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10660-018-9288-9
Curiazi, R. (2014). Il ‘dialogo sociale’ per la sostenibilità turistica: I risultati dell ’indagine nella provincia di Rimini. Rivista Geographica Italiana, 121, 179–198.
Djordjevic, D. S., Secerov, V., Filipovic, D., Lukic, B., & Jeftic, M. R. (2016). The impact of climate change on the planning of mountain tourism development in Serbia: Case studies of Kopaonik and Zlatibor. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(11), 5027–5034.
Fang, Y., Yin, J., & Wu, B. (2017). Climate change and tourism: A scientometric analysis using CiteSpace. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(1), 108–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1329310
Foris, D., Albu, R., Chitu, I. B., & Baltescu, C. (2016). Brasov tourism destination profiling, in the context of sustainable tourism development (Vol. V, pp. 109–116). Presented at the 3rd International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM 2016, Albena, Bulgaria. https://doi.org/10.5593/SGEMSOCIAL2016/B25/S07.014
Foroni, I., Modica, P., & Zenga, M. (2019). Residents’ Satisfaction with tourism and the European Tourism Indicator System in South Sardinia. Sustainability, 11(8), 2243. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11082243
Franzoni, S. (2015). Measuring the sustainability performance of the tourism sector. Tourism Management Perspectives, 16, 22–27.
Fuchs, M. (2002). Benchmarking indicator-systems and their potential for tracking guest satisfaction. Tourism (zagreb), 50(2), 141–155.
Gallopin, G. C. (1997). Indicators and their use: Information for decisión-making. In B. Moldan & S. Billharz (Eds.), Sustainability Indicators: Report of the Project on Indicators of Sustainable Development (pp. 13–27). John Wiley & Sons.
Caiado, G. G. R., de Freitas Dias, R., Veiga Mattos, L., Gonçalves Quelhas, O. L., & Leal Filho, W. (2017). Towards sustainable development through the perspective of eco-efficiency—A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 165, 890–904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.07.166
Guaita Martínez, J. M., Martín Martín, J. M., Salinas Fernández, J. A., & Mogorrón-Guerrero, H. (2019). An analysis of the stability of rural tourism as a desired condition for sustainable tourism. Journal of Business Research, 100, 165–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.03.033
Guo, Y.-M., Huang, Z.-L., Guo, J., Li, H., Guo, X.-R., & Nkeli, M. J. (2019). Bibliometric analysis on smart cities research. Sustainability, 11(13), 3606. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11133606
Hsu, W.-C., & Li, J.-H. (2019). Visualising and map** the intellectual structure of medical big data. Journal of Information Science, 45(2), 239–258. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551518782824
Hunter, C., & Shaw, J. (2007). The ecological footprint as a key indicator of sustainable tourism. Tourism Management, 28(1), 46–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2005.07.016
Ibănescu, B.-C., Stoleriu, O., Munteanu, A., & Iațu, C. (2018). The Impact of tourism on sustainable development of rural areas: Evidence from Romania. Sustainability, 10(10), 3529. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10103529
Jayantha, W. M., & Oladinrin, O. T. (2019). Knowledge map** of office workspace: A scientometric review of studies. Facilities, 38(3/4), 316–345. https://doi.org/10.1108/F-07-2018-0086
Jurincic, I. (2005). Carrying capacity assessment of Slovene Istria for tourism. In A. G. Kungolos, C. A. Brebbia, & E. Beriatos (Eds.), Sustainable Development and Planning II (Vols. 1–2, Vol. 1, pp. 725–733). WIT Press.
Khanra, S., Dhir, A., Kaur, P., & Mäntymäki, M. (2021). Bibliometric analysis and literature review of ecotourism: Toward sustainable development. Tourism Management Perspectives, 37, 100777. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2020.100777
Ko, T. G. (2005). Development of a tourism sustainability assessment procedure: A conceptual approach. Tourism Management, 26(3), 431–445. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2003.12.003
Koseoglu, M. A., Rahimi, R., Okumus, F., & Liu, J. (2016). Bibliometric studies in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 61, 180–198.
Kristjánsdóttir, K. R., Ólafsdóttir, R., & Ragnarsdóttir, K. V. (2018). Reviewing integrated sustainability indicators for tourism. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 26(4), 583–599. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2017.1364741
Larson, L. R., & Poudyal, N. C. (2012). Develo** sustainable tourism through adaptive resource management: A case study of Machu Picchu Peru. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 20(7), 917–938.
Lee, T. H., & Hsieh, H.-P. (2016). Indicators of sustainable tourism: A case study from a Taiwan’s wetland. Ecological Indicators, 67, 779–787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.023
Liao, H., Tang, M., Luo, L., Li, C., Chiclana, F., & Zeng, X.-J. (2018). A bibliometric analysis and visualization of medical big data research. Sustainability, 10(2), 166. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10010166
Liu, Y., Li, H., Goncalves, J., Kostakos, V., & **ao, B. (2016). Fragmentation or cohesion? Visualizing the process and consequences of information system diversity, 1993–2012. European Journal of Information Systems, 25(6), 509–533. https://doi.org/10.1057/ejis.2016.5
Liu, Z. (2003). Sustainable tourism development: A critique. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11(6), 459–475. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580308667216
Lopez-Perez, M. V., & Rodriguez-Ariza, L. (2013). Ownership and trust in the governance structures of Spanish-Moroccan SMEs constituted as international joint ventures. Central European Journal of Operations Research, 21(3), 609–624.
Lozano-Oyola, M., Blancas, F. J., González, M., & Caballero, R. (2012). Sustainable tourism indicators as planning tools in cultural destinations. Ecological Indicators, 18, 659–675. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.01.014
Mahmoud, D., Gamal, G., & Abou El Seoud, T. (2019). The potential impact of climate change on Hurghada city, Egypt using tourism climate index. GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites, 25(2), 496–508. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.25218-376
Manning, E. W., Clifford, D., Dougherty, D., & Ernst, M. (1996). What Managers Need to Know—A Practical Guide to the Development and Use of Indicators of Sustainable Tourism. World Tourism Organization.
Manning, T. (1999). Indicators of tourism sustainability. Tourism Management, 20, 179–181.
Markovic, S., Peric, M., & Mijatov, M. (2016). Application of EU comparative tourism sustainability indicators: The City of Uzice case study (Serbia). Journal of the Geographical Institute Jovan Cvijic SASA, 66(2), 255–271. https://doi.org/10.2298/IJGI1602255M
Martín Martín, J., Salinas Fernández, J., Rodríguez Martín, J., & Jiménez Aguilera, J. (2017). Assessment of the tourism’s potential as a sustainable development instrument in terms of annual stability: Application to Spanish rural destinations in process of consolidation. Sustainability, 9(10), 1692. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101692
McElroy, J. L., & de Albuquerque, K. (1998). Tourism penetration index in small Caribbean islands. Annals of Tourism Research, 25(1), 145–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0160-7383(97)00068-6
McLoughlin, E., & Hanrahan, J. (2018). European tourism indicator system for sustainable destination management in county Donegal Ireland. European Journal of Tourism Research, 20, 78–91.
Mendola, D., & Volo, S. (2017). Building composite indicators in tourism studies: Measurements and applications in tourism destination competitiveness. Tourism Management, 59, 541–553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2016.08.011
Meuleman, L. (2020). Metagovernance for Sustainability: A Framework for Implementing the Sustainable Development Goals. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351250603.Accessed2March2021
Miller, G. (2001). The development of indicators for sustainable tourism: Results of a Delphi survey of tourism researchers. Tourism Management, 22(4), 351–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0261-5177(00)00067-4
Miller, G., & Twining-Ward, I. (2005). Monitoring for a Sustainable Tourism Transition: The Challenge of Develo** and Using Indicators. CABI Publishing.
Modica, P., Capocchi, A., Foroni, I., & Zenga, M. (2018). An assessment of the implementation of the European Tourism Indicator System for sustainable destinations in Italy. Sustainability, 10(9), 3160. https://doi.org/10.3390/su10093160
Mongeon, P., & Paul-Hus, A. (2016). The journal coverage of Web of Science and Scopus: A comparative analysis. Scientometrics, 106(1), 213–228. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-015-1765-5
Mori, K., & Christodoulou, A. (2012). Review of sustainability indices and indicators: Towards a new City Sustainability Index (CSI). Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 32(1), 94–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eiar.2011.06.001
Navarro Jurado, E., Tejada Tejada, M., Almeida García, F., Cabello González, J., Cortés Macías, R., Delgado Peña, J., et al. (2012). Carrying capacity assessment for tourist destinations. Methodology for the creation of synthetic indicators applied in a coastal area. Tourism Management, 33(6), 1337–1346. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2011.12.017
Oklevik, O., Gössling, S., Hall, C. M., Steen Jacobsen, J. K., Grøtte, I. P., & McCabe, S. (2019). Overtourism, optimisation, and destination performance indicators: A case study of activities in Fjord Norway. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(12), 1804–1824. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2018.1533020
Pang, R., & Zhang, X. (2019). Achieving environmental sustainability in manufacture: A 28-year bibliometric cartography of green manufacturing research. Journal of Cleaner Production, 233, 84–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.05.303
Patterson, T. M., Niccolucci, V., & Marchettini, N. (2008). Adaptive environmental management of tourism in the Province of Siena, Italy using the ecological footprint. Journal of Environmental Management, 86(2), 407–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.04.017
Paunović, I., & Jovanović, V. (2017). Implementation of sustainable tourism in the German Alps: A case study. Sustainability, 9(2), 226. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9020226
Pestana, M. H., Parreira, A., & Wang, W.-C. (2019). Bibliometric analysis and trends: An application in senior tourism. International Journal of Business and Economics, 18(3), 329–345.
Popov, T., Gnjato, S., & Trbić, G. (2019). Effects of changes in extreme climate events on key sectors in Bosnia and Herzegovina and adaptation options. In W. Leal Filho, G. Trbic, & D. Filipovic (Eds.), Climate Change Adaptation in Eastern Europe: Managing Risks and Building Resilience to Climate Change (pp. 213–228). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-03383-5_15
Pulido Fernández, J. I., & Sánchez Rivero, M. (2009). Measuring tourism sustainability: Proposal for a composite index. Tourism Economics, 15(2), 277–296. https://doi.org/10.5367/000000009788254377
Pulido-Fernández, J. I., Sánchez-Rivero, M., & López-Sánchez, Y. (2011). Comparative analysis of the sustainability of tourism in Spain’s regions. Environmental Engineering & Management Journal, 10(12), 1845–1855.
Rasoolimanesh, S. M., Ramakrishna, S., Hall, C. M., Esfandiar, K., & Seyfi, S. (2020). A systematic sco** review of sustainable tourism indicators in relation to the sustainable development goals. Journal of Sustainable Tourism. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1775621
Reddy, M. V. (2008). Sustainable tourism rapid indicators for less-developed islands: An economic perspective. International Journal of Tourism Research, 10(6), 557–576. https://doi.org/10.1002/jtr.700
Reed, M. S., Fraser, E. D. G., & Dougill, A. J. (2006). An adaptive learning process for develo** and applying sustainability indicators with local communities. Ecological Economics, 59(4), 406–418. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2005.11.008
Roberts, S., & Tribe, J. (2008). Sustainability indicators for small tourism enterprises—An exploratory perspective. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(5), 575. https://doi.org/10.2167/jost579.0
Ruhanen, L., Weiler, B., Moyle, B. D., & McLennan, C. J. (2015). Trends and patterns in sustainable tourism research: A 25-year bibliometric analysis. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 23(4), 517–535. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2014.978790
Santos-Lacueva, R., Clavé, S. A., & Saladié, Ò. (2017). The vulnerability of coastal tourism destinations to climate change: The usefulness of policy analysis. Sustainability, 9(11), 2062. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9112062
Schianetz, K., & Kavanagh, L. (2008). Sustainability indicators for tourism destinations: A complex adaptive systems approach using systemic indicator systems. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(6), 601–628. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580802159651
Sirakaya, E., Jamal, T. B., & Choi, H. C. (2001). Develo** indicators for destination sustainability. In D. B. Weaver (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Ecotourism (pp. 411–431). CAB International.
Tanguay, G. A., Rajaonson, J., & Therrien, M.-C. (2013). Sustainable tourism indicators: Selection criteria for policy implementation and scientific recognition. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 21(6), 862–879. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2012.742531
Torres-Delgado, A., & López Palomeque, F. (2012). The growth and spread of the concept of sustainable tourism: The contribution of institutional initiatives to tourism policy. Tourism Management Perspectives, 4, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2012.05.001
Torres-Delgado, A., & Palomeque, F. L. (2014). Measuring sustainable tourism at the municipal level. Annals of Tourism Research, 49, 122–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2014.09.003
Torres-Delgado, A., & Saarinen, J. (2014). Using indicators to assess sustainable tourism development: A review. Tourism Geographies, 16(1), 31–47. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616688.2013.867530
Tudorache, D., Simon, T., Frenț, C., & Musteaţă-Pavel, M. (2017). Difficulties and challenges in applying the European Tourism Indicators System (ETIS) for sustainable tourist destinations: The case of Braşov County in the Romanian Carpathians. Sustainability, 9(10), 1879. https://doi.org/10.3390/su9101879
Twining-Ward, L., & Butler, R. (2002). Implementing STD on a small island: Development and use of sustainable tourism development indicators in Samoa. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 10(5), 363–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580208667174
Uysal, M., Berbekova, A., & Kim, H. (2020). Designing for quality of life. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102944. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2020.102944
Vargas, S. L., de la Luz Valderrábano Almegua, M., Rodríguez, I. S., & Molina, L. A. (2018). Methodological proposal to evaluate touristic activity with local sustainability criteria in the hydrographic sub-basins of the Huasteca Potosina, Mexico. In W. Leal Filho, R. Noyola-Cherpitel, P. Medellín-Milán, & V. Ruiz Vargas (Eds.), Sustainable Development Research and Practice in Mexico and Selected Latin American Countries (pp. 217–240). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70560-6_14
Vera Rebollo, J. F., & Ivars Baidal, J. A. (2003). Measuring sustainability in a mass tourist destination: Pressures, perceptions and policy responses in Torrevieja Spain. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 11(2–3), 181–203. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669580308667202
WTO. (2004). Indicators of Sustainable Development for Tourism Destinations A Guidebook. Madrid, España: World Tourism Organization. https://doi.org/10.18111/unwtodeclarations.1997.07.01. Accessed 10 February 2020
WTO. (2017a). Chengdu declaration on tourism and the sustainable development goals. UNWTO Declarations, 26(2), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.18111/unwtodeclarations.2017.26.02
WTO. (2017b). Measuring Sustainable Tourism: A call for Action. Report of the 6th International Conference on Tourism Statistics. Manila, Philippines: World Tourism Organization. https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284418954
WTO. (2018). UNWTO Regional Seminar on Climate Change, Biodiversity and Sustainable Tourism Development. Final Report. Nadi, Fiji: World Tourism Organization. https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284420155
Yang, G.-H., & Li, P. (2005). Touristic ecological footprint: A new yardstick to assess sustainability of tourism. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 25(6), 1475–1480.
Yu, L., Wang, G., & Marcouiller, D. W. (2019). A scientometric review of pro-poor tourism research: Visualization and analysis. Tourism Management Perspectives, 30, 75–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmp.2019.02.005
Yuan, Y., Tseng, Y.-H., & Ho, C.-I. (2016). Knowledge base and flowof major tourism and hospitality journals. Global Review of Research in Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure Management, 2(1), 354–372.
Zupic, I., & Čater, T. (2015). Bibliometric methods in management and organization. Organizational Research Methods, 18(3), 429–472.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
M.I.D.-C. involved in conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. A.G.-C. involved in conceptualization, methodology, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing. N.R.-L. involved in methodology, formal analysis, investigation, writing—original draft, writing—review and editing, visualization.
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Diéguez-Castrillón, M.I., Gueimonde-Canto, A. & Rodríguez-López, N. Sustainability indicators for tourism destinations: bibliometric analysis and proposed research agenda. Environ Dev Sustain 24, 11548–11575 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01951-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10668-021-01951-7