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Water quality assessment of Ramser site, Indus Delta, Sindh, Pakistan

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Abstract

Seven representative sampling stations were selected from Indus Delta comprising of (1) Keti Bander, (2) Darya Peer, (3) Kharo Chanr, (4) Jati, (5) Shah Bander, (6) Nariri Dhand and (7) Left Bank Outfall Drain (LBOD) near Rupa Mari. The sampling scheme was repeated seven times during 2014–2015 for 1 year. The samples were analysed for temperature, conductivity, pH, hardness, chloride, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, sulphate, orthophosphate-P, nitrite-N, nitrate-N, Na, K, Fe, Ni, Cr, Co, Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb and As. The analysis was carried out using standard analytical procedures. A number of parameters crossed the WHO permissible limits and water quality guidelines for aquatic life and indicated pollution within coastal region. Coefficient of correlation (r) among physicochemical parameters and metal ions were examined and a number of parameters did not correlate positively and did not indicate natural origin and may indicate their presence due to human activity. The samples were examined for cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. The samples also indicated the presence of Presumptive Coliform, Faecal coliform and E. coli.

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Acknowledgements

The assistance of department of Fesheries and Livestock, and Sindh coastal department Authority Karachi is acknowledged for their help in selecting locations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Advanced Research Studied in Chemical Sciences/HTCRL, Dr. M.A. Kazi Institute of Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan

    Muhammad Yar Khuhawar, Rafi O. Zaman Brohi, Taj Muhammad Jahangir & Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani

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  1. Muhammad Yar Khuhawar
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  2. Rafi O. Zaman Brohi
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  3. Taj Muhammad Jahangir
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  4. Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani
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Correspondence to Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani.

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Khuhawar, M.Y., Zaman Brohi, R.O., Jahangir, T.M. et al. Water quality assessment of Ramser site, Indus Delta, Sindh, Pakistan. Environ Monit Assess 190, 492 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6756-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-018-6756-6

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