Log in

Interactive Read-Alouds—An Avenue for Enhancing Children’s Language for Thinking and Understanding: A Review of Recent Research

  • Published:
Early Childhood Education Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Enhancing young children’s early literacy achievement is a top priority in many countries. There is a considerable body of research demonstrating young children’s language development as a critical factor in reading and later academic success. Implementation of high quality literacy instruction has the potential to improve literacy outcomes for all children, especially those “at risk”. However, a significant challenge has been to implement instruction that will support children’s language for thinking and understanding, rather than narrowly focused instruction on easily quantified code-related skills. This article reviews some of the recent research on the value of interactive read-alouds as an avenue for enhancing early literacy learning for preschoolers. Although there is abundant evidence supporting the practice, there are a number of aspects that interact in dynamic ways to affect the efficacy of read-alouds. They include pedagogical knowledge, book selection, the quality of interactions around books, and develo** vocabulary and inferential language skills. The way books are shared may open or close learning opportunities and possibilities to use language for an increasingly wider range of purposes. Skillful teachers can play a significant role in building, refining and extending literacy knowledge, skills and dispositions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Anderson, A., Anderson, J., Lynch, J., Shapiro, J., & Eun Kim, J. (2012). Extra-textual talk in shared book reading: A focus on questioning. Early Child Development and Care, 182(9), 1139–1154.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, I., & McKeown, M. (2007). Increasing young low-income children’s oral vocabulary repertoires through rich and focused instruction. The Elementary School Journal, 107(3), 251–271.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, I., McKeown, M., & Kucan, L. (2002). Bringing words to life—Robust vocabulary instruction. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, I., McKeown, M., & Kucan, L. (2008). Creating robust vocabulary—Frequently asked questions and extended examples. New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blank, M., Rose, S., & Berlin, L. (1978). The language of learning: The preschool years. New York, NY: Grune & Stratton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blewitt, P., Rump, K., Shealy, S., & Cook, S. (2009). Shared book reading: When and how questions affect young children’s word learning. Journal of Educational Psychology, 101(2), 294–304.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, B., & Reinking, D. (2011). A formative experiment to enhance teacher-child language interactions in a preschool classroom. Journal of Early Childhood Literacy, 11(3), 362–401.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cabell, S., Justice, L., Vukelich, C., Buell, M., & Han, M. (2008). Strategic and intentional shared storybook reading. In L. Justice & C. Vukelich (Eds.), Achieving excellence in preschool literacy instruction (pp. 198–219). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clement, R. (2010). Feathers for Phoebe. Sydney: HarperCollins Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conrad, N., Gong, Y., Sipp, L., & Wright, L. (2004). Using text talk as a gateway to culturally responsive teaching. Early Childhood Education Journal, 31(3), 187–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham, A., & Zibulsky, A. (2011). Tell me a story: Examining the benefits of shared reading. In S. Neuman & D. Dickinson (Eds.), Handbook of early literacy research (Vol. 3, pp. 396–411). New York: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D., Darrow, C., Ngo, S., & D’Souza, L. (2009). Changing classroom conversations—Narrowing the gap between potential and reality. In O. Barbarin & B. Wasik (Eds.), Handbook of child development and early education (pp. 328–351). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D., Freiberg, J., & Barnes, E. (2011). Why are so few interventions really effective? A call for fine-grained research methodology. In L. Morrow, L. Gambrell, & N. Duke (Eds.), Best practices in literacy instruction (4th ed., pp. 337–357). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D., Golinkoff, R., & Hirsh-Pashek, K. (2010). Speaking out for language: Why language is central to reading development. Educational Researcher, 39(4), 305–310.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D., Griffith, J., Golinkoff, R., & Hirsh-Pashek, K. (2012). How reading books fosters language development around the world. Child Development Research, 1–15. doi:10.1155/2012/602807.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dickinson, D., & Porche, M. (2011). Relation between language experiences in preschool classrooms and children’s kindergarten and fourth-grade language and reading abilities. Child Development, 82(3), 870–886.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dougherty Stahl, K. (2011). Applying new visions of reading development in today’s classrooms. The Reading Teacher, 65(1), 52–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duke, N. (2004). The case for informational text. Educational Leadership, 61(6), 40–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duke, N. (2007). Using nonfiction reference materials with young children—Let’s look in a book. Young Children, 62(3), 12–16.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ezell, H., & Justice, L. (2005). Shared storybook reading—Building young children’s language and emergent literacy skills. Baltimore, MD: Paul Brookes Publishing Co.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gjems, L. (2011). Why explanations matter: A study of co-construction of explanations between teachers and children in everyday conversations in kindergarten. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 19(4), 510–513.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Government, Australian. (2005). Teaching reading—Report and recommendations. Canberra: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gunn, B., Vadasy, P., & Smolkowski, K. (2011). Instruction to help young children develop language and literacy skills: The role of program design and instructional guidance. NHSA Dialog: A Research-to-practice Journal for the Early Childhood Field, 14(3), 157–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris, J., Golinkoff, R., & Hirsh-Pasek, K. (2011). Lessons from the crib for the classroom: How children really learn vocabulary. In S. Neuman & D. Dickinson (Eds.), Handbook of early literacy research (Vol. 3, pp. 49–65). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hindman, A., Wasik, B., & Erhart, A. (2012). Shared book reading and Head Start preschoolers’ vocabulary learning: The role of book related discussion and curricular connections. Early Education and Development, 23(4), 451–474.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jalongo, M., & Sobolak, M. (2011). Supporting young children’s vocabulary growth: The challenges, the benefits, and evidence-based strategies. Early Childhood Education Journal, 38(6), 421–429.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Justice, L., Mashburn, A., Hamre, B., & Pianta, R. (2008). Quality of language and literacy instruction in preschool classrooms serving at-risk pupils. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 23(1), 51–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kindle, K. (2010). Vocabulary development during read-alouds: Examining the instructional sequence. Literacy Teaching and Learning, 14(1&2), 65–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kindle, K. (2011). Same book, different experience: A comparison of shared reading in preschool classrooms. Journal of Language and Literacy Education [Online], 7(1), 13–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kindle, K. (2012). Vocabulary development during read-alouds: Primary practices. In R. Robinson, M. McKenna, & K. Conradi (Eds.), Issues and trends in literacy education (5th ed., pp. 101–113). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kucan, L. (2012). What is most important to know about vocabulary? The Reading Teacher, 65(6), 360–366.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marulis, L., & Neuman, S. (2010). The effects of vocabulary intervention on young children’s word learning: A meta-analysis. Review of Educational Research, 80(3), 300–335.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Massey, S. (2013). From the reading rug to the play center: Enhancing vocabulary and comprehensive language skills by connecting storybook reading and guided play. Early Childhood Education Journal, 41(2), 125–131. doi:10.1007/s10643-012-0524-y.

    Google Scholar 

  • Massey, S., Pence, K., Justice, L., & Bowles, R. (2008). Educators’ use of cognitively challenging questions in economically disadvantaged preschool classroom contexts. Early Education and Development, 19(2), 340–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGee, L., & Schickedanz, J. (2007). Repeated interactive read-alouds in preschool and kindergarten. The Reading Teacher, 60(8), 742–751.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKeown, M., & Beck, I. (2007). Encouraging young children’s language interactions with stories. In S. Neuman & D. Dickinson (Eds.), Handbook of early literacy research (Vol. 2, pp. 281–294). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Melbourne Graduate School of Education. (2012). E4KidsResearch Bulletin, (2), 1–6. Retrieved from http://web.education.unimelb.edu.au/E4Kids/news/pdfs/E4Kids_Research_Bulletin_Issue2.pdf.

  • Mitchell, L., & Cubey, P. (2003). Characteristics of professional development linked to enhanced pedagogy and children’s learning in early childhood settings: Best evidence synthesis. Wellington, England: Ministry of Education.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrow, L., Tracey, D., & Renner Del Nero, J. (2011). Best practices in early literacy: Preschool, kindergarten and first grade. In L. Morrow, L. Gambrell, & N. Duke (Eds.), Best practices in literacy instruction (4th ed., pp. 67–95). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moschovaki, E., & Meadows, S. (2005). Young children’s spontaneous participation during classroom bookreading: Differences according to various types of books. Early Childhood Research and Practice, 7(1). Retrieved from http://ecrp.uiuc.edu/v7n1/moschovaki.html.

  • National Early Literacy Panel. (2008). Develo** early literacy: Report of the National Early Literacy Panel. Washington, DC: National Institute for Early Literacy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neuman, S. (2011). The challenge of teaching vocabulary in early education. In S. Neuman & D. Dickinson (Eds.), Handbook of early literacy research (Vol. 3, pp. 358–372). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neuman, S., & Dwyer, J. (2009). Missing in action: Vocabulary instruction in Pre-K. The Reading Teacher, 62(5), 384–392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paciga, K., Hoffman, J., & Teale, W. (2011). The National Early Literacy Panel and preschool literacy instruction—Green lights, caution lights and red lights. Young Children, 66(6), 50–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paratore, J., Cassano, C., & Schickedanz, J. (2011). Support early (and later) literacy development at home and school: The long view. In M. Kamil, P. Pearson, E. Moje, & P. Afflerbach (Eds.), Handbook of reading research (Vol. 4, pp. 107–135). New York, NY: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paris, S. (2005). Reinterpreting the development of reading skills. Reading Research Quarterly, 40(2), 184–202.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paris, S. (2011). Developmental differences in early reading skills. In L. Morrow, L. Gambrell, & N. Duke (Eds.), Best practices in literacy instruction (4th ed., pp. 228–241). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paris, A., & Paris, S. (2003). Assessing narrative comprehension in young children. Reading Research Quarterly, 38(1), 36–76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pentimonti, J., & Justice, L. (2010). Teachers’ use of scaffolding strategies during read alouds in the preschool classroom. Early Childhood Education Journal, 37(4), 241–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pentimonti, J., Zucker, T., & Justice, L. (2011). What are preschool teachers reading in their classrooms? Reading Psychology, 32(3), 197–236.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pentimonti, J., Zucker, T., Justice, L., & Kaderavek, J. (2010). Informational text use in preschool classroom read-alouds. The Reading Teacher, 63(8), 656–665.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Powell, D., & Diamond, K. (2012). Promoting early literacy and language development. In R. Pianta (Ed.), Handbook of early childhood education (pp. 194–216). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, L., Bradley, B., & Smith, J. (2012). A comparison of teachers’ talk during storybook and information book read-alouds. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 27(3), 426–440.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Silverman, R., & Crandell, J. (2010). Vocabulary practices in prekindergarten and kindergarten classrooms. Reading Research Quarterly, 45(3), 318–340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siraj-Blatchford, I. (2010). A focus on pedagogy. In K. Sylva, E. Melhuish, P. Sammons, I. Siraj-Blatchford, & B. Taggart (Eds.), Early childhood matters—Evidence from the effective pre-school and primary education project (pp. 149–165). London, England: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sittner Bridges, M., Justice, L., Hogan, T., & Gray, S. (2012). Promoting lower- and higher-level language skills in early education classrooms. In R. Pianta (Ed.), Handbook of early childhood education (pp. 177–193). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smolkin, L., & Donovan, C. (2002). Supporting comprehension acquisition for emerging and struggling readers: The interactive information book read-aloud. Exceptionality, 11(1), 25–38.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torr, J., & Scott, C. (2006). Learning ‘special words’ technical vocabulary in the talk of adults and preschoolers during shared reading. Journal of Early Childhood Research, 4(2), 153–167.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Kleek, A. (2008). Providing preschool foundations for later reading comprehension: The importance of and ideas for targeting inferencing in book sharing interventions. Psychology in the Schools, 45(7), 627–643.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Kleek, A., Vander Woude, J., & Hammett, L. (2006). Fostering literal and inferential language skills in Head Start preschoolers with language impairment using scripted book-sharing discussions. American Journal of Speech Language Pathology, 15(1), 85–95.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wasik, B. (2010). What can teachers do to promote preschoolers’ vocabulary development: Strategies from an effective language and literacy professional development coaching model. The Reading Teacher, 63(8), 621–633.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wells, G. (2009). The social context of language and literacy development. In O. Barbarin & B. Wasik (Eds.), Handbook of child development and early education (pp. 271–303). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wiseman, A. (2011). Interactive read alouds: Teachers and students constructing knowledge and literacy together. Early Childhood Education Journal, 38(6), 431–438.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiseman, A. (2012). Resistance, engagement, and understanding: A profile of a struggling emergent reader responding to read-alouds in a kindergarten classroom. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 28(3), 255–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yopp, R., & Yopp, H. (2006). Informational texts as read-alouds at school and home. Journal of Literacy Research, 38(1), 37–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yopp, R., & Yopp, H. (2012). Young children’s limited and narrow exposure to informational text. The Reading Teacher, 65(7), 480–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Young, J. (2009). Enhancing emergent literacy potential for young children. Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, 32(2), 163–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zucker, T., Justice, L., Piasta, S., & Kaderavek, J. (2010). Preschool teachers’ literal and inferential questions and children’s responses during whole-class shared reading. Early Childhood Research Quarterly, 25(1), 65–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sandra Lennox.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Lennox, S. Interactive Read-Alouds—An Avenue for Enhancing Children’s Language for Thinking and Understanding: A Review of Recent Research. Early Childhood Educ J 41, 381–389 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-013-0578-5

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10643-013-0578-5

Keywords

Navigation