Abstract
This paper reports on experimental investigations of turbulent flame-wall interaction (FWI) during transient head-on quenching (HOQ) of premixed flames. The entire process, including flame-wall approach and flame quenching, was analyzed using high repetition rate particle image velocimetry (PIV) and simultaneous flame front tracking based on laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of the OH molecule. The influence of convection upon flame structures and flow fields was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for the fuels methane (CH4) and ethylene (C2H4) at ϕ = 1. For this transient FWI, flames were initialized by laser spark ignition 5 mm above the burner nozzle. Subsequently, flames propagated against a steel wall, located 32 mm above the burner nozzle, where they were eventually quenched in the HOQ regime due to enthalpy losses. Twenty ignition events were recorded and analyzed for each fuel. Quenching distances were 179 μm for CH4 and 159 μm for C2H4, which lead by nondimensionalization with flame thickness to Peclet numbers of 3.1 and 5.5, respectively. Flame wrinkling and fresh gas velocity fluctuations proved flame and flow laminarization during wall approach. Velocity fluctuations cause flame wrinkling, which is higher for CH4 than C2H4 despite lower velocity fluctuations. Lewis number effects explained this phenomenon. Results from flame propagation showed that convection dominates propagation far from the wall and differences in flame propagation are related to the different laminar flame speeds of the fuels. Close to the wall flames of both fuels propagate similarly, but experimental results clearly indicate a decrease in intrinsic flame speed. In general, the experimental results are in good agreement with other experimental studies and several numerical studies, which are mainly based on direct numerical simulations.
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig1_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig2_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig3_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig4_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig5_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig6_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig7_HTML.gif)
![](http://media.springernature.com/m312/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs10494-016-9795-5/MediaObjects/10494_2016_9795_Fig8_HTML.gif)
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alkidas, A.C.: Combustion-chamber crevices: the major source of engine-out hydrocarbon emissions under fully warmed conditions. Prog. Energ. Combust. 25, 253–273 (1999)
Roberts, A., Brooks, R., Shipway, P.: Internal combustion engine cold-start efficiency: a review of the problem, causes and potential solutions. Energ. Convers. Manage. 82, 327–350 (2014)
Dreizler, A., Böhm, B.: Advanced laser diagnostics for an improved understanding of premixed flame-wall interactions. Proc. Combust. Inst. 35, 37–64 (2015)
Foucher, F., Burnel, S., Mounaïm-Rousselle, C., Boukhalfa, M., Renou, B., Trinité, M.: Flame wall interaction: effect of stretch. Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci. 27, 431–437 (2003)
Mann, M.: Laserbasierte Untersuchung Der Flamme-Wand-Interaktion. Göttingen, Optimus-Verlag (2013)
Mann, M., Jainski, C., Euler, M., Böhm, B., Dreizler, A.: Transient flame–wall interactions: experimental analysis using spectroscopic temperature and CO concentration measurements. Combust. Flame 161, 2371–2386 (2014)
Bohlin, A., Mann, M., Patterson, B.D., Dreizler, A., Kliewer, C.J.: Development of two-beam femtosecond/picosecond one-dimensional rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy. Time-resolved probing of flame wall interactions. Proc. Combust. Inst. 35, 3723–3730 (2015)
Wichman, I.S., Bruneaux, G.: Head-on quenching of a premixed flame by a cold wall. Combust. Flame 103, 296–310 (1995)
Popp, P., Baum, M.: Analysis of wall heat fluxes, reaction mechanisms, and unburnt hydrocarbons during the head-on quenching of a laminar methane flame. Combust. Flame 108, 327–348 (1997)
Poinsot, T., Haworth, D., Bruneaux, G.: Direct simulation and modeling of flame-wall interaction for premixed turbulent combustion. Combust. Flame 95, 118–132 (1993)
Lai, J., Chakraborty, N.: Effects of lewis number on head on quenching of turbulent premixed flames: a direct numerical simulation analysis. Flow Turbul. Combust. 96(2), 279–308 (2015)
Popp, P., Smooke, M., Baum, M.: Heterogeneous/homogeneous reaction and transport coupling during flame-wall interaction. Symp. Int. Combust. Proc. 26, 2693–2700 (1996)
Westbrook, C.K., Adamczyk, A.A., Lavoie, G.A.: A numerical study of laminar flame wall quenching. Combust. Flame 40, 81–99 (1981)
Laget, O., Muller, L., Truffin, K., Kashdan, J., Kumar, R., Sotton, J., Boust, B., Bellenoue, M.: Experiments and modeling of flame/wall interaction in Spark-Ignition (SI) engine conditions SAE technical paper 2013-01-1121 (2013)
Boust, B., Sotton, J., Bellenoue, M.: Unsteady heat transfer during the turbulent combustion of a lean premixed methane–air flame: effect of pressure and gas dynamics. Proc. Combust. Inst. 31, 1411–1418 (2007)
Boust, B., Sotton, J., Bellenoue, M.: Experimental study by high-speed particle image velocimetry of unsteady flame-wall inteaction in turbulent combustion. In: The International Symposia on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics 13 (2006)
Bruneaux, G., Akselvoll, K., Poinsot, T., Ferziger, J.H.: Flame-wall interaction simulation in a turbulent channel flow. Combust. Flame 107, 27–36 (1996)
Jainski, C., Lu, L., Sick, V., Dreizler, A.: Laser imaging investigation of transient heat transfer processes in turbulent nitrogen jets im**ing on a heated wall. Int. J. Heat Mass Tran. 74, 101–112 (2014)
Borghi, R., Casci, C.: On the structure and morphology of turbulent premixed flames. Recent Advances in the Aerospace Sciences, 117–138 (1985)
Slavinskaya, N.A., Frank, P.: A modelling study of aromatic soot precursors formation in laminar methane and ethene flames. Combust. Flame 156, 1705–1722 (2009)
Poinsot, T., Veynante, D.: Theoretical and Numerical Combustion. Self-Publishing, Bordeaux, France (2012)
Renou, B., Boukhalfa, A.: An experimental study of freely propagating premixed flames at various lewis numbers. Combust. Sci. Technol. 162, 347–370 (2001)
Kobayashi, H., Kawabata, Y., Maruta, K.: Experimental study on general correlation of turbulent burning velocity at high pressure. Symp. Int. Combust. Proc. 27, 941–948 (1998)
Malm, H., Sparr, G., Hult, J., Kaminski, C.F.: Nonlinear diffusion filtering of images obtained by planar laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy. J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 17, 2148 (2000)
Perona, P., Malik, J.: Scale-space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Machine Intell. 12, 629–639 (1990)
Canny, J.: A computational approach to edge detection. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 8, 679–698 (1986)
Jainski, C., Rißmann, M., Böhm, B., Dreizler, A.: Experimental investigation of flame surface density and mean reaction rate during flame–wall interaction. Proc. Combust. Inst. (2016, in press)
Trouvé, A., Poinsot, T.: The evolution equation for the flame surface density in turbulent premixed combustion. J. Fluid Mech. 278, 1–31 (1994)
Muppala, S.R., Aluri, N.K., Dinkelacker, F., Leipertz, A.: Development of an algebraic reaction rate closure for the numerical calculation of turbulent premixed methane, ethylene, and propane/air flames for pressures up to 1.0 MPa. Combust. Flame 140, 257–266 (2005)
Peterson, B., Baum, E., Böhm, B., Dreizler, A.: Early flame propagation in a spark-ignition engine measured with quasi 4D-diagnostics. Proc. Combust. Inst. 35, 3829–3837 (2015)
Acknowledgments
This material is based upon work financed by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG (SFB/TRR150). A. Dreizler gratefully acknowledges the support of DFG through the Leibniz program.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interests
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Rißmann, M., Jainski, C., Mann, M. et al. Flame-Flow Interaction in Premixed Turbulent Flames During Transient Head-On Quenching. Flow Turbulence Combust 98, 1025–1038 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-016-9795-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10494-016-9795-5