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Identification and characterisation of xylanolytic yeasts isolated from decaying wood and sugarcane bagasse in Brazil

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Abstract

In this study, yeasts associated with lignocellulosic materials in Brazil, including decaying wood and sugarcane bagasse, were isolated, and their ability to produce xylanolytic enzymes was investigated. A total of 358 yeast isolates were obtained, with 198 strains isolated from decaying wood and 160 strains isolated from decaying sugarcane bagasse samples. Seventy-five isolates possessed xylanase activity in solid medium and were identified as belonging to nine species: Candida intermedia, C. tropicalis, Meyerozyma guilliermondii, Scheffersomyces shehatae, Sugiyamaella smithiae, Cryptococcus diffluens, Cr. heveanensis, Cr. laurentii and Trichosporon mycotoxinivorans. Twenty-one isolates were further screened for total xylanase activity in liquid medium with xylan, and five xylanolytic yeasts were selected for further characterization, which included quantitative analysis of growth in xylan and xylose and xylanase and β-d-xylosidase activities. The yeasts showing the highest growth rate and cell density in xylan, Cr. laurentii UFMG-HB-48, Su. smithiae UFMG-HM-80.1 and Sc. shehatae UFMG-HM-9.1a, were, simultaneously, those exhibiting higher xylanase activity. Xylan induced the highest level of (extracellular) xylanase activity in Cr. laurentii UFMG-HB-48 and the highest level of (intracellular, extracellular and membrane-associated) β-d-xylosidase activity in Su. smithiae UFMG-HM-80.1. Also, significant β-d-xylosidase levels were detected in xylan-induced cultures of Cr. laurentii UFMG-HB-48 and Sc. shehatae UFMG-HM-9.1a, mainly in extracellular and intracellular spaces, respectively. Under xylose induction, Cr. laurentii UFMG-HB-48 showed the highest intracellular β-d-xylosidase activity among all the yeast tested. C. tropicalis UFMG-HB 93a showed its higher (intracellular) β-d-xylosidase activity under xylose induction and higher at 30 °C than at 50 °C. This study revealed different xylanolytic abilities and strategies in yeasts to metabolise xylan and/or its hydrolysis products (xylo-oligosaccharides and xylose). Xylanolytic yeasts are able to secrete xylanolytic enzymes mainly when induced by xylan and present different strategies (intra- and/or extracellular hydrolysis) for the metabolism of xylo-oligosaccharides. Some of the unique xylanolytic traits identified here should be further explored for their applicability in specific biotechnological processes.

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Acknowledgments

Carla Lara thanks for the financial support from CAPES-PDEE (process 4716/11-6). This work was co-funded by the European Commission in the framework of EU-Brazil Project ProEthanol2G—“Integration of Biology and Engineering into an Economical and Energy-Efficient 2G Bioethanol Biorefinery” (FP7-251151), by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnológico (CNPq, Process Nos. 551392/2010-0, 551245/2010-7 and 560715/2010-2), the Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP, process number 2084/07), Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP/BIOEN/FAPEMIG).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Alimentos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil

    Carla A. Lara & Evelyn S. Oliveira

  2. Departamento de Microbiologia, ICB, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, C.P. 486, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, 31270-901, Brazil

    Carla A. Lara, Renata O. Santos, Raquel M. Cadete & Carlos A. Rosa

  3. Unidade de Bioenergia, Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, I.P., Estrada do Paço do Lumiar 22, 1649-038, Lisbon, Portugal

    Carla A. Lara, Carla Ferreira, Susana Marques, Francisco Gírio & César Fonseca

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  1. Carla A. Lara
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  2. Renata O. Santos
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Correspondence to Carlos A. Rosa.

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Lara, C.A., Santos, R.O., Cadete, R.M. et al. Identification and characterisation of xylanolytic yeasts isolated from decaying wood and sugarcane bagasse in Brazil. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 105, 1107–1119 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10482-014-0172-x

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