SpringerLink
Log in

Continuous and Noninvasive Measurement of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure by One Mathematical Model with the Same Model Parameters and Two Separate Pulse Wave Velocities

  • Published:
Annals of Biomedical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There is keen interest in continuous and noninvasive blood pressure (BP) measurement. However, many technologies have a shortcoming of complex mechanical structure. In our study, two arterial pulses are acquired by photoplethysmography (PPG) at ear and toe in order to explore a new method of measuring BP by pulse wave velocity (PWV). We previously validated and reported a BP-PWV mathematical model with measurements from humans with no evidence of cardiovascular disease, but were only able to determine PWV related to diastolic blood pressure (DBP). In this paper, we propose methods of identifying pulse transmit time (PTT) in low, normal and high systolic blood pressure (SBP) conditions. By averaging the PTT’s of incident wave and reflected wave for non-systematic error reduction, we obtain a PWV that is suitable for estimating SBP. SBP and DBP are estimated by two separate PWV’s based on the previously calibrated models. Experimental measurements are conducted on 26 subjects (age 19 ± 1 and 60 ± 1) with no evidence of cardiovascular disease. The measurement errors (Mean Deviation = 2.16 mmHg (SBP) and 1.49 mmHg (DBP); Standard Deviation = 6.23 mmHg (SBP) and 6.51 mmHg (DBP)) satisfy the accuracy criteria of Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. The results verify that SBP and DBP can be estimated by one mathematical model with the same model parameters and two separate PWV’s.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
EUR 32.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or Ebook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Figure 6
Figure 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Allen, J. Photoplethysmography and its application in clinical physiological measurement. Physiol. Meas. 28:R1–R39, 2007.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Allen, J., and A. Murray. Age-related changes in peripheral pulse timing characteristics at the ears, fingers and toes. J. Hum. Hypertens. 16:711–717, 2002.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Allen, J., and A. Murray. Age-related changes in peripheral pulse shape characteristics at various body sites. Physiol. Meas. 24:297–307, 2003.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Asmar, R. Arterial Stiffness and Pulse Wave Velocity Clinical Applications. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1999.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation. American national standard for manual, electronic or automated sphygmomanometers. Arlington, 2003.

  6. Avolio, A. P., M. Butlin, and A. Walsh. Arterial blood pressure measurement and pulse wave analysis—their role in enhancing cardiovascular assessment. Physiol. Meas. 31:R1–R47, 2010.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Chen, W., T. Kobayashi, S. Ichikawa, Y. Takeuchi, and T. Togawa. Continuous estimation of systolic blood pressure using the pulse arrival time and intermittent calibration. Med. Biol. Eng. Comput. 38:569–574, 2000.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Chen, Y., C. Wen, G. Tao, M. Bi, and G. Li. Continuous and noninvasive blood pressure measurement: a novel modeling methodology of the relationship between blood pressure and pulse wave velocity. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 37:2222–2233, 2009.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Chen, Y., C. Wen, H. Tang, and L. X. Teng. The relationship between different pulse wave velocity and systolic/diastolic pressure. The 3rd IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications, Location, 2008.

  10. Chiu, Y. C., P. W. Arand, S. G. Shroff, T. Feldman, and J. D. Carroll. Determination of pulse wave velocities with computerized algorithms. Am. Heart. J. 121:1460–1470, 1991.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Chua, C. P., and C. Heneghan. Continuous blood pressure monitoring using ECG and finger photoplethysmogram. The 28th IEEE EMBS Annual International Conference, Location, 2006.

  12. Chua, E. C., S. J. Redmond, G. Mcdarby, and C. Heneghan. Towards using photo-plethysmogram amplitude to measure blood pressure during sleep. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 38:945–954, 2010.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Gu, W. B., C. C. Y. Poon, M. Y. Sy, H. K. Leung, Y. P. Liang, and Y. T. Zhang. A h-shirt-based body sensor network for cuffless calibration and estimation of arterial blood pressure. Body Sensor. Netw. 23:151–155, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Hertzman, A. B., and C. R. Spealman. Observations on the finger volume pulse recorded photoelectrically. Am. J. Physiol. 119:334–335, 1937.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Jeleazcov, C., L. Kra**ovic, T. Münster, T. Birkholz, R. Fried, J. Schüttler, and J. Fechner. Precision and accuracy of a new device (CNAPTM) for continuous non-invasive arterial pressure monitoring: assessment during general anaesthesia. Br. J. Anaesth. 105:264–272, 2010.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Kaniusas, E., H. Pfützner, L. Mehnen, J. Kosel, J. Carlos, J. C. Téllez-Blanco, G. Varoneckas, A. Alonderis, and T. Meydan. Method for continuous nondisturbing monitoring of blood pressure by magnetoelastic skin curvature sensor and ECG. IEEE Sens. J. 6:819–828, 2006.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Karr, S. G. Theoretical and Experimental Determination of Arterial Pulse Propagation Speed. Evanston: Northwestern University, 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Marcus, R. L., S. Ahmad, R. Glassenberg, and P. Fitzgerald. Evaluation of Safety and Accuracy of the T-Line® Tensymeter (Continuous Non-Invasive Blood Pressure Management Device) versus Conventional Invasive Radial Artery Tonometry in Clinically Obese Surgical Patients. The International Anesthesia Research Society 80th Clinical & Scientific Congress, San Francisco, 2006, pp. 24–28.

  19. Monk, T. G., V. Saini, B. C. Weldon, and J. C. Sigl. Anesthetic management and one-year mortality after noncardiac surgery. Anesth. Analg. 100:4–10, 2005.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Mookerjee, A., A. M. Al-Jumaily, and A. Lowe. Arterial pulse wave velocity measurement: different techniques, similar results—implications for medical devices. Biomech. Model. Mechanobiol. 9:773–781, 2010.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. O’Rourke, M. F., R. Kelly, and A. Avolio. The Arterial Pulse. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Poon, C. C. Y., and Y. T. Zhang. The beat-to-beat relationship between pulse transit time and systolic blood pressure. The 5th International Conference on Information Technology and Application in Biomedicine, Location, 2008.

  23. Safar, M. E. Arteries in Clinical Hypertension. Philadelphia: Lippincott-Raven, 1994.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  24. Sola, J., R. Vetter, P. Renevey, O. Chetelat, C. Sartori, and S. F. Rimoldi. Parametric estimation of pulse arrival time: a robust approach to pulse wave velocity. Physiol. Meas. 30:603–615, 2009.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. von-Skerst, B. Dec. 2007–Mar 2008. Market survey, N = 198 physicians in Germany and Austria. InnoTech Consult GmbH, Germany.

  26. Westerhof, B. E., J. P. van-den-Wijngaard, J. P. Murgo, and N. Westerhof. Location of a reflection site is elusive: consequences for the calculation of aortic pulse wave velocity. Hypertension 52:478–483, 2008.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Wiggers, C. J. Physiology in Health and Disease. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1934.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Wong, M. Y. M., C. C. Y. Poon, and Y. T. Zhang. An evaluation of the cuffess blood pressure estimation based on pulsetransit time technique: a half year study on normotensive subjects. Cardiovasc. Eng. 9:32–38, 2009.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was supported partly by the Southwest hospital of Chongqing in China. The authors would like to express sincere appreciation to the staffs in anesthesiology department for facilitating contacts that made this work possible. The authors are also thankful to the reviewers of this article for their comments and suggestions.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, S2-B2b-45, Singapore, Singapore

    Yan Chen & Changyun Wen

  2. Anesthesia Department, Southwest Hospital, The 3rd Military Medical University, Chongqing, China

    Guocai Tao & Min Bi

Authors
  1. Yan Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Changyun Wen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Guocai Tao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Min Bi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Changyun Wen.

Additional information

Associate Editor Zahra Moussavi oversaw the review of this article.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Chen, Y., Wen, C., Tao, G. et al. Continuous and Noninvasive Measurement of Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure by One Mathematical Model with the Same Model Parameters and Two Separate Pulse Wave Velocities. Ann Biomed Eng 40, 871–882 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-011-0467-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-011-0467-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation