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Stress and strain adaptation in load-dependent remodeling of the embryonic left ventricle

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Abstract

Altered pressure in the develo** left ventricle (LV) results in altered morphology and tissue material properties. Mechanical stress and strain may play a role in the regulating process. This study showed that confocal microscopy, three-dimensional reconstruction, and finite element analysis can provide a detailed model of stress and strain in the trabeculated embryonic heart. The method was used to test the hypothesis that end-diastolic strains are normalized after altered loading of the LV during the stages of trabecular compaction and chamber formation. Stage-29 chick LVs subjected to pressure overload and underload at stage 21 were reconstructed with full trabecular morphology from confocal images and analyzed with finite element techniques. Measured material properties and intraventricular pressures were specified in the models. The results show volume-weighted end-diastolic von Mises stress and strain averaging 50–82 % higher in the trabecular tissue than in the compact wall. The volume-weighted-average stresses for the entire LV were 115, 64, and 147 Pa in control, underloaded, and overloaded models, while strains were 11, 7, and 4 %; thus, neither was normalized in a volume-weighted sense. Localized epicardial strains at mid-longitudinal level were similar among the three groups and to strains measured from high-resolution ultrasound images. Sensitivity analysis showed changes in material properties are more significant than changes in geometry in the overloaded strain adaptation, although resulting stress was similar in both types of adaptation. These results emphasize the importance of appropriate metrics and the role of trabecular tissue in evaluating the evolution of stress and strain in relation to pressure-induced adaptation.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health (EB002077); National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health (RR16434); Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic Purkinje Fellowship (D.S.); Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic (VZ 0021620806); and Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (304/08/0615).

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  1. Daniela Faas

    Present address: Harvard School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 29 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bucknell University, One Dent Drive, Lewisburg, PA, 17837, USA

    Christine M. Buffinton & Daniela Faas

  2. Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Medical University of South Carolina, 173 Ashley Avenue, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA

    David Sedmera

  3. Department of Cardiovascular Morphogenesis, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic

    David Sedmera

  4. Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic

    David Sedmera

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  1. Christine M. Buffinton
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Correspondence to Christine M. Buffinton.

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Buffinton, C.M., Faas, D. & Sedmera, D. Stress and strain adaptation in load-dependent remodeling of the embryonic left ventricle. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 12, 1037–1051 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-012-0461-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10237-012-0461-0

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