Abstract
The dielectric and mechanical properties of hybrid polymer nanocomposites of polystyrene/polyaniline/carbon nanotubes coated with polyaniline (PCNTs) have been investigated using impedance analyzer and extensometer. The blends of PS/PANI formed the heterogeneous phase separated morphology in which PCNTs are dispersed uniformly. The incorporation of a small amount of PCNTs into the blend of PS/PANI has remarkably increased the dielectric properties. Similarly, the AC conductivity of PS/PANI is also increased five orders of magnitude from 1.6 × 10−10 to 2.0 × 10−5 S∙cm−1 in the hybrid nanocomposites. Such behavior of hybrid nanocomposites is owing to the interfacial polarization occurring due to the presence of multicomponent domains with varying conductivity character of the phases from insulative PS to poor conductor PANI to highly conductive CNTs. Meanwhile, the tensile modulus and tensile strength are also enhanced significantly up to 55% and 160%, respectively, without much loss of ductility for three phase hybrid nanocomposites as compared to the neat PS. Thereby, the hybrid nanocomposites of PS/PANI/PCNTs become stiffer, stronger and tougher as compared to the neat systems.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Sanchez, C., Julian, B., Belleville, P. and Popall, M., J. Mater. Chem., 2005, 15: 3559
Khan, A.N., Hong, P.D. and Chaung, W.T., J. Polym. Res., 2013, 20: 280
Saboor, A., Khan, A.N., Cheema, H.M., Yaqoob, K. and Shafqat, A., J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron., 2016, 27: 9634
Dang, Z.M., Zhou, T., Yao, S.H., Yuan, J.K., Zha, J.W., Song, H.T., Li, J.Y., Chen, Q., Yang, W.T. and Bai, J., Adv. Mater., 2009, 21: 2077
Zhang, X., Liang, G., Chang, J., Gu, A., Yuan, L. and Zhang, W., Carbon, 2012, 50: 4995
Wang, D., Zhang, X., Zha, J.W., Zhao, J., Dang, Z.M. and Hu, G.H., Polymer, 2013, 54: 1916
Arbatti, M., Shan, X. and Cheng, Z.Y., Adv. Mater., 2007, 19: 1369
Rao, Y., Ogitani, S., Kohl, P. and Wong, C., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2002, 83: 1084
Yang, C., Cao, Y., Smith, P. and Heeger, A., Synth. Met., 1993, 53: 293
Pud, A., Ogurtsov, N., Korzhenko, A. and Shapoval, G., Prog. Polym. Sci., 2003, 28: 1701
Nalwa, H. S., “Advanced functional molecules and polymers: electronic and photonic properties” CRC Press, Vol. 3, USA, 2001
Qian, D., Dickey, E. C., Andrews, R. and Rantell, T., Appl. Phys. Lett., 2000, 76: 2868
Zhou, T., Zha, J.W., Hou, Y., Wang, D., Zhao, J. and Dang, Z.M., ACS Appl. Mater. Inter., 2011, 3: 4557
Qiang, Z., Liang, G., Gu, A. and Yuan, L., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 2014, 53: 4726
Huang, X. and Jiang, P., Adv. Mater., 2015, 27: 546
Wünsch, J. R., “Polystyrene: synthesis, production and applications” Smithers Rapra Publishing: UK, 2000
Hao, N., Boehning, M. and Schoenhals, A., Macromolecules, 2007, 40: 9672
Bae, W.J., Jo, W.H. and Park, Y.H., Synth. Met., 2003, 132: 239
Yang, C., Lin, Y. and Nan, C., Carbon, 2009, 47: 1096
Kim, J., Kwon, S. and Ihm, D., Curr. Appl. Phys., 2007, 7: 205
Havriliak, S.Jr. and Havriliak, S.J., “Dielectric and mechanical relaxation in materials: Analysis, interpretation and application to polymers” Hanser Publishers: Munich, 1997
Yan, J., Wei, T., Shao, B., Fan, Z., Qian, W., Zhang, M. and Wei, F., Carbon, 2010, 48: 487
Deng, M.G., Yang, B.C. and Hu, Y.D., J. Mater. Sci., 2005, 40: 5021
Konyushenko, E.N., Stejskal, J., Trchova, M., Hradil, J., Kovarova, J., Prokes, J., Cieslar, M., Hwang, J.Y., Chen, K.H. and Sapurina, I., Polymer, 2006, 47: 5715
Wu, T.M. and Lin, Y.W., Polymer, 2006, 47: 3576
Ravati, S. and Favis, B.D., Polymer, 2010, 51: 3669
Panda, M., Srinivas, V. and Thakur, A.K., Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 92: 132905
Yuan, J.K., Yao, S.H., Dang, Z.M., Sylvestre, A., Genestoux, M. and Bai, J., J. Phys. Chem. C., 2011, 115: 5515
Min, C., Yu, D., Cao, J., Wang, G. and Feng, L., Carbon, 2013, 55: 116
Zhu, L., J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2014, 5(21): 3677
Zhang, J., Ravati, S., Virgilio, N. and Favis, B.D., Macromolecules, 2007, 40: 8817
Qiang, Z., Liang, G., Gu, A. and Yuan, L., Composites A., 2014, 64: 1
Waheed, Q., Khan, A.N. and Jan, R., Polymer, 2016, 97: 496
Koerner, H., Liu, W., Alexander, M., Mirau, P., Dowty, H. and Vaia, R.A., Polymer, 2005, 46: 4405
Khan, A.N. and Ahmed, B.A., Polym. Bull., 2015, 72: 1207
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
This work was financially supported by Higher Education Commission (HEC) Pakistan under the NRPU R&D project-20-3052.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zia, T., Khan, A.N., Hussain, M. et al. Enhancing dielectric and mechanical behaviors of hybrid polymer nanocomposites based on polystyrene, polyaniline and carbon nanotubes coated with polyaniline. Chin J Polym Sci 34, 1500–1509 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-016-1867-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10118-016-1867-4